变形程度对6061铝合金大规格棒材组织和性能的影响  

Effect of deformation degree on microstructure and properties of 6061 aluminum alloy large-sized bar

作　　者：向晶[1] 周伟[1] 苏智琦 莫宇飞[1] 饶庆东 李剑[1] 邓桂英 XIANG Jing;ZHOU Wei;SU Zhi-qi;MO Yu-fei;RAO Qing-dong;LI Jian;DENG gui-ying(Guangxi Alnan Aluminum Inc.,Nanning 530031,China)

机构地区：[1]广西南南铝加工有限公司,广西南宁530031

出　　处：《轻合金加工技术》2018年第10期43-47,共5页Light Alloy Fabrication Technology

基　　金：2016年广西科技项目(桂科AB16380021)

摘　　要：为了研究挤压变形程度对6061铝合金大规格棒材组织和性能的影响,通过金相(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、导电率、拉伸试验测试在不同变形程度条件下6061-T6铝合金棒材的组织和性能。结果表明,经过挤压变形后,棒材晶粒被细化,纵向组织被拉长。随着变形程度的增加,棒材边部、1/2半径处、芯部组织更加均匀,拉伸断口韧窝形貌逐渐均匀密集,导电率逐渐降低,而力学性能逐渐升高。随着变形程度的增加,棒材边部与挤压筒的摩擦力增大,当变形程度大于85.6%时,边部金属流动受摩擦阻力作用,其力学性能逐渐低于棒材芯部的。当变形程度小于73%时,边部金属流动与挤压筒接触,晶粒被破碎拉长,其力学性能和伸长率远高于芯部的。In order to study the effect of extrusion deformation on the microstructure and properties of 6061 aluminum alloy large-sized bar, the microstructures and properties of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy bar were tested by metallographic （OM）, scanning electron micros-copy （SEM）, conductivity and tensile test. The results show that after extrusion deforma- tion, the bar grain is refined and the longitudinal structure is elongated. With the increase of the degree of deformation, the structure is more uniform at the edge of the bar, the half of the radius and the core, the stretch fracture dimple morphology becomes gradually intensive, the conductivity is decreasing, while the mechanical properties are gradually increased. With the increase of the deformation degree, the friction increases between the edge of the bar and the extrusion cylinder. When the deformation degree is more than 85.6%, the edge metal flow is hindered by friction, the mechanical properties are gradually lower than the mechani-cal properties of the bar core. When the deformation degree is less than 73%, the edge met-al flow contact with the extrusion cylinder, the grain crushing is elongated, and its mechani-cal properties and elongation are much higher than those of the core.

关 键 词：6061铝合金大规格棒材 变形程度 组织 性能 

分 类 号：TG379[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]