基于专利的中国沙漠化治理技术分析  

Patent Analysis on Desertification Control Technology in China

作　　者：宁宝英[1] 马建霞[1] 姜志德[2] 陈春[1] 张欣利[1] 鲁景亮[1] Ning Baoying;Ma Jianxia;Jiang Zhide;Chen Chun;Zhang Xinli;Lu Jingliang(Lanzhou Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Economics ＆Management,Northwest Add： University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州文献情报中心,甘肃兰州730000 [2]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2018年第5期989-998,共10页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503703)

摘　　要：以3 824组简单专利族为数据基础,揭示国内沙漠化治理技术类别分布和主要领域。通过阅读专利摘要或全文内容,采用自下而上的聚类方法将当前专利划分为沙漠化判断、治沙、沙产业3个大类,监测与评价、科研仪器、生物治沙、机械治沙、化学治沙、综合治沙、农业、工业、第三产业和综合性利用10个中类,更细分至机械沙障等31个小类。根据专利数量认定的4大主要技术领域为沙区药用食用植物资源的种植(45%)、植物资源精深加工(9. 68%)、各种农林机具加工机械及配件(10. 3%)和机械沙障(13. 91%),占总量的78. 89%,专利领域分布集中。对主要技术领域采用内容分析法,提取植物、加工制品、机械、沙障等的信息进行了详细分析,并指出目前专利技术中的尚待发展之处,可为全面认识中国沙漠化治理技术提供专利视角的参照。By a patent family analysis on 3824 simple patents, this paper reveals the classification and main fields of desertification control technology in China. By reading patent abstracts or texts, patents are divided into three major categories （desertification judgement, desertification control and deserticul- ture）, ten middle ones （desertification monitoring and evaluation, scientific instruments, Biological sand control, mechanical sand control, chemical sand control, integrated sand control, agriculture, industry, the third industry and integrated utilization） and 31 small ones, such as mechanical sand barrier. Accord- ing to the number of patents, four main technologyfields of desertification control include： edible or me- dicinal plants cultivation （45%）, plants resources deep processing （9.58%）, machineries and accesso- ries （ 10. 3% ） and mechanical sand barriers （ 13.91% ）, accounting for 78.89% of the total. Content anal- ysis method is used in the four main technology fields, by extracting plants, processing products, ma- chinery and sand barrier, patents status in China is analyzed in detail, and the inadequacies in desertifi- cation control revealed in patents are pointed out, so it can provide a reference for a comprehensive un- derstanding of China desertification control technology based on patent information perspective.

关 键 词：专利分析 沙漠化治理 

分 类 号：G255.53[文化科学—图书馆学]