古尔班通古特沙漠南缘梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)群落优势植物水分来源  

Water Sources of Dominant Plants in Haloxylon ammodendron Community at the Southern Edge of Gurbantunggut Desert

作　　者：傅思华 胡顺军[1] 李浩[1,2] 王泽锋 Fu Sihua;Hu Shunjun;Li Hao;Wang Zefeng(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2018年第5期1024-1032,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671032);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB429902);NSFC-新疆联合基金项目(U1303181)

摘　　要：为研究干旱区荒漠植物水分来源及水分利用的相互影响特征,2016年5月选取古尔班通古特沙漠南缘建群种梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)及群落中优势草本植物沙漠绢蒿(Seriphidium santolinum)、尖喙牻牛儿苗(Erodium oxyrrhynchum)、碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)、多型大蒜芥(Sisymbrium polymorphum)等5种植物,利用稳定性同位素技术,通过测定植物木质部水及土壤水δ^(18)O值,结合直接对比法、平均深度模型及Iso-Source模型分析植物水分利用情况。结果表明:梭梭根系具有二态性,5月主要利用浅层(20～40 cm)土壤水、深层(100～350 cm)土壤水及地下水,8月主要利用深层(160～350 cm)土壤水及地下水。尖喙牻牛儿苗、多型大蒜芥、沙漠绢蒿、碱蓬水分来源土层集中在8～65 cm,沙漠绢蒿及碱蓬土壤水分利用季节变化明显;冠外尖喙牻牛儿苗、多型大蒜芥、沙漠绢蒿、碱蓬之间不存在土壤水分竞争关系;冠下多型大蒜芥、沙漠绢蒿、碱蓬之间存在土壤水分竞争关系。In order to research the desert plant water use pattern and their mutual influence in arid re- gions. Five dominant desert plants, Haloxylon ammodendron, Erodium oxyrrhynchum, Sisymbrium polymorphum, Seriphidium santolinum and Suaeda glauca were selected in May 2015 at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert. The oxygen sable isotope ratios （8TM O） of xylem water and soil water were measured by stable isotope technique. To investigate the dynamics of water usage of these plants, we used the direct comparison method, Iso-Source model and the mean depth of water uptake model. The results showed that there is dimorphism in H. ammodendron root. In May, the main water sources of H. ammodendron were shallow soil water （20-40 cm）, deep soil water （100-350 cm）, and groundw- ater. While in August, H. ammodendron tended to use deep soft water （150-350 cm）, and groundwater. The main water sources of Erodium oxyrrhynchum, Sisymbrium polymorphum, Seriphidium santoli- num and Suaeda glauca concentrated in the 8-55 cm lay soil water. The seasonal variation of soil water use pattern of Seriphidium santolinum and Suaeda glauca was obvious. Sisymbrium polymorphum, Seriphidium santolinum and Suaeda glauca under the canopy had a competition about soil moisture, while the plants outside the canopy had no competition.

关 键 词：古尔班通古特沙漠 水分来源 稳定同位素技术 二态性 竞争 

分 类 号：Q945.17[生物学—植物学] S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]