40份糜子品种的表型性状鉴定与遗传多样性分析  

Phenotypic Traits Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of 40 Prosomillet Varieties

作　　者：景小兰[1] 李志华[2] 董旭[1] 李海[3] JING Xiaolan;LI Zhihua;DONG Xu;LI Hai(Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Sorghum,Shanxi Academyof Agricultural Sciences,Jinzhong 030600,China;Institute of the Crops in High Latitude ＆ ColdClimate Area,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Datong 037000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西省农业科学院高粱研究所,山西晋中030600 [3]山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所,山西大同037000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第11期1786-1791,1866,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD07B03)

摘　　要：通过方差及聚类分析,对40份糜子品种(19份糯性品种,21份粳性品种)主要表型性状进行了鉴定与遗传多样性分析。结果表明,不同品种间性状差异较大。其中,产量内糜6号最高,达6 260.3 kg/hm2;其次依次为陇糜6号、陇糜11号,分别为5 820.3,5 760.3 kg/hm2;产量较低的品种为雁黍8号(2 640.1 kg/hm2)、晋黍6号(2 865.1 kg/hm2)、赤黍1号(3 790.2 kg/hm2)。相关性分析结果显示,产量与单株粒质量、单穗粒质量存在极显著正相关,与主穗长间存在显著正相关。遗传多样性分析结果显示,各性状变异系数不同,其中,生育期性状变异系数最低,仅为6%,而单株粒质量、单穗粒质量等变异系数在10%～20%,有效分蘖变异系数最高,为21%;各性状形态多样性指数范围在0.973 7～0.983 9,存在丰富的遗传变异。基于10个主要表型性状的聚类分析结果显示,40份糜子品种的聚类结果在卡方距离为2.94处,分为4大类群;但分类结果显示,来源于同一生态区同一系列的品种没有严格划为同一类群,具体为第I类群含2个亚群,第1亚群有6个品种,第2亚群有9个品种,第II,III类群分别包含4,6个品种,第IV类群包含2个亚群,第1亚群有8个品种,第2亚群有7个品种。The main phenotypic traits of 40 prosomillet varieties（19 waxy varieties and 21 japonica varieties）were identified andanalyzed by variance analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences in traits among differentvarieties. Among them, the yield of Neimi 6 was the highest, reaching6 260.3 kg/hm2, followed by Longmi 6 and Longmi 11,respectively, with 5 820.3, 5 760.3 kg/hm2, and the lowest output was Yanshu8 （2 640.1 kg/hm2） , Jinmi6 （2 865.1 kg/hm2） , and Cishu1（3 790.2 kg/hm2） . Correlation analysis showed that yield was significantly positively correlated with grain quality per plant and grainquality per panicle, there wasa positive correlations between yield and main spike length. Genetic diversity analysis showed that thevariation coefficient of each trait was different, and the variation coefficient of the fertility period trait was the lowest, only 6%. Thevariation coefficient of grain quality per plant and grain quality per ear was between 10% and 20%. The effective variation coefficient oftiller was 21%. Morphological diversity index （simpson index）ranged from 0.973 7 to 0.983 9, with abundant genetic variation. Based on the cluster analysis of 10 main phenotypic characters, the cluster results of 40 prosomillet cultivars were divided into 4 groups at thedistance of 2.94. However, the classification results showed that the species from the same ecological zone and the same series were notclassified as the same taxa. In particular, Category I group consisted of two subgroups, the first subgroup had six varieties, the secondsubgroup had nine varieties, Classes II and III contained four and six species, respectively. Classes IV contained two subgroups, therewere eight varieties in the first subgroup and seven varieties in the second subgroup.

关 键 词：糜子 表型性状 鉴定 遗传多样性分析 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]