树形结构对玉露香梨早期产量及果实品质的影响  

Effect of Tree Form on Early Yield and Fruit Quality of Yuluxiang Pear

作　　者：蔚露[1] 牛自勉[1] 林琭[1] 李全[2] 王红宁[2] 李鸿雁[2] YU Lu;NIU Zimian;LIN Lu;LI Quan;WANG Hongning;LI Hongyan(Research Center of Modern Agriculture,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taigu 030800,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心,山西太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030800

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2018年第11期1838-1841,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD16B03);山西省农业科学院农业技术攻关项目(YGG17080);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(SX2018-04)

摘　　要：在玉露香梨密植栽培果园进行了自由纺锤形、纺锤形、细型主干形及小冠开心形4种树形的对比试验,测定了4年生树果园产量及果实品质相关指标。结果表明,不同树形处理的单株产量不同,单位面积产量也存在显著差异,其中,自由纺锤形产量最低,为45 700.5 kg/hm2,纺锤形和小冠开心形较高,分别为63 815.25,63 721.35 kg/hm2;自由纺锤树形单果质量偏高、畸形果偏多,果形指数、果实端正度及商品率低于其他树形;小冠开心树形果肉可溶性固形物含量(SSC)、果皮花色苷含量显著增加,果皮叶绿素含量则显著降低,提高了玉露香梨的综合果实品质。4-year-old pear trees of Yuluxiang pear in dense planting orchard with four tree form treatments（free spindle, slenderspindle, fine trunk and small crown open-centre trees）were used to study the yield and fruits quality. The results showed that the yieldper tree and the yield unit area were different in different tree form, and the average yield of free spindle, slender spindle and small crownopen-centre trees were 45 700.5, 63 815.25, 63721.35 kg/hm2, respectively. The quality of single fruit and deformity fruits of free spindletree was higher in free spindle tree, and the fruit shape index, fruit straightness and fruit commodity rate was lower in the same treatment.The contents of SSC and anthocyanin were higher and the contents of chlorophyll was lower in small crown open-centre trees, this treeform improved fruit quality greatly.

关 键 词：树形 玉露香梨 花色苷 SSC 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]