锂离子电池电解液的安全性研究进展  

Research progress on safety of lithium ion battery electrolyte

作　　者：张小颂 夏永高[1] ZHANG Xiaosong;XIA Yonggao(Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology ＆ Engineering,Chinese Academy of Science,Ningbo 315201,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,浙江宁波315201

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2018年第6期1016-1029,共14页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0100101);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21773279)

摘　　要：锂离子电池的能量密度及其安全问题是限制其在电动汽车应用中的主要障碍。随着能量密度的不断提升,当务之急是有效解决锂离子电池的安全性问题。锂离子电池安全问题本质上与当前电解液中使用的高挥发性、易燃的有机溶剂有关。因此,本文主要从电解液的燃烧性角度,介绍了电解液在锂离子电池材料安全性方面的研究现状,包括阻燃添加剂、不燃性氟代有机溶剂、高浓度电解液及固液混合电解质的应用等,分析其对安全性能提升的机理,并对电解液的发展方向进行了展望。Energy density and safety of lithium ion batteries （LIBs） are the main obstacles that hinder the large-scale applications of LIBs in electric vehicles. With continuous improvement of LIBs in energy density, solving safety issue effectively is becoming increasingly urgent. These safety issues are intrinsically related to the present utilization of highly volatile and flammable organic solvents. Herein, the research status on safety of electrolyte in LIBs is summarized in this review, including the application of flame retardant, non-flammable fluorinated organic solvent, high concentration electrolyte and hybrid electrolyte from the point of combustibility of electrolyte. The paper analyzes mechanisms of enhancing safety for LIBs and provides an outlook of electrolyte in application development.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 电解液 安全性 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]