多种灭火剂扑救大容量锂离子电池火灾的实验研究  

Experimental study on fire extinguishing of large-capacity lithium-ion batteries by various fire extinguishing agents

作　　者：刘昱君 段强领 黎可 陈昊东[1] 王青松[1] LIU Yujun;DUAN Qiangling;LIKe;CHEN Haodong;WANG Qingsong(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Teelmology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2018年第6期1105-1112,共8页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0102102)

摘　　要：为研究不同灭火介质对大容量动力锂离子电池火灾的有效性,搭建了适用于多种灭火介质的灭火测试平台。在灭火测试平台上以功率为300 W的电热管作为外热源引发单电池热失控,通过改变灭火介质,研究了不同灭火介质的灭火行为及灭火效率。研究结果表明,对于38A·h单体动力电池火灾,ABC干粉、七氟丙烷(HFC)、水、全氟己酮和CO_2灭火剂均能快速熄灭电池明火,但CO_2灭火剂灭火后电池出现了复燃;电池灭火过程中,不同的灭火剂在抑制电池温度上升表现出明显差异,其中,抑制温升效果优劣依次为水、全氟己酮、HFC、ABC干粉和CO_2。本研究的结果可为工程应用及电池灭火规范制定提供实验支撑。To study the suppression effectiveness of different fire extinguishing agent on large-capacity power lithium-ion battery fires, an extinguishing test platform was built. This platform was suitable for various fire-extinguishing agent. During the test, a 300W external electric heater was used to trigger the thermal runaway. The extinguishing behavior and efficiency were studied by changing the species of the extinguishing agent. The results showed that, for the fire of single cell with capacity of 38Ah, the ABC powder, HFC, water, C6F120 and CO2 agent could suppress the open flame quickly, but the battery suppressed by CO2 agent reburned after a while. During the suppression process, different fire extinguishing agents showed significant difference in inhibiting temperature rise. The water agent showed the best cooling efficiency among all the agents, followed by C6F120, HFC, ABC powder and CO2. The results of this study can provide experimental support for engineering applications and regulations formulation.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 热失控 电池灭火 灭火介质 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]