水库大坝安全年度报告制度探索与实践  

Exploration and practice of dam safety annual report system in China

作　　者：张士辰[1,2] 杨正华[1,2] 盛金保[1,2] Zhang Shichen;Yang Zhenghua;Sheng Jinbao

机构地区：[1]水利部大坝安全管理中心,南京210029 [2]南京水利科学研究院,南京210029

出　　处：《中国水利》2018年第20期23-27,共5页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2016YFC0401603);国家自然科学基金(41671504;51779154;51679151);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(Y717009;Y718010;Y717008;Y717010)

摘　　要：大坝安全是水库正常发挥功能效益的重要前提,在大坝安全定期鉴定制度框架基础上进一步实施大坝安全年度报告制度是国际成熟经验。我国大坝安全年度报告制度发展刚刚起步,总结国内外探索与实践经验有利于年度报告制度进一步发展。梳理了美、欧、亚各洲典型国家的国际经验和国内能源、水利等行业实践现状,结合我国大坝安全管理特点,研究提出大坝安全年度报告主要内容,探索提出年度报告管理要求,总结分析年度报告经验认识。结论认为,实施大坝安全年度报告制度体现精细化管理,年度报告内容包括基本情况、运行调度、安全检查、安全监测、养护修理、应急管理,年度报告管理包括编制、报送、审查、应用、备案等环节;经验认识主要有:以简单实用为原则,善于依据年度报告实施安全监督和维修养护,注意培养水库管理单位安全监控人才(瑞士L2)和主管部门监管人才(瑞士L4),提高安全监测、巡视检查、放水测试等基础性工作能力。Dam safety is significant precondition for a reservoir to perform its functions and benefits properly. It is a mature experience that implementing annual report system based on periodical dam safety appraisal regulation system. As the beginning of annual report system for dam surveillance in China, it is good for further developing annual report system by understanding relevant experiences at home and abroad. Teasing out experiences from typical countries from America, Europe, Asia and practices situation from energy industry and water conservancy industry, combined with features of dam safety management in China, contents of annual report is studied and put forward, management requirements of annual report is exploited, and experiences and acknowledges are concluded and analyzed. As the results showed, carrying out annual report system reflects delicacy management concepts, and main contents of annual report should include basic information of reservoir, operation and dispatching, safety inspection, safety monitoring, maintenance and emergency management, and main links of annual report management covers making, submitting, reviewing, results using and filing. Main experiences and acknowledges include that annual report should be simple and practical, and annual report should be the base of dam safety supervision and maintenance. Attention should be paid to train technical engineers in reservoir management unit like L2 in Switzerland and supervisory officials in reservoir competent authorities like L4 in Switzerland, and capacity of safety monitoring, site inspection, discharge testing should be improved.

关 键 词：水库 大坝 年度报告 探索 实践 

分 类 号：TV698[水利工程—水利水电工程]