桢楠种子的发芽与多胚特性及初生苗的生长特征  

A Study on the Correlation among Germination Rate, Polyembryony Rate, Seed Size of Phoebe Zhennan S.Lee

作　　者：谭飞[1,2] 陈洪 胡红玲 廖玉华[1] 胡庭兴[1] 陈玉凤[1] 周光良[1] 王曦 TAN Fei;CHEN Hong;HU Hongling;LIAO Yuhua;HU Tingxing;CHEN Yufeng;ZHOU Guangliang;WANG Xi(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Forestry Survey and Planning and Design Institute of Liangshan Administrative District,Liangshan 615000,Sichuan,China;Forestry Science Research Institute of Luzhou City,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130 [2]四川省凉山州林业调查规划设计院,四川凉山615000 [3]四川省泸州市林业科学研究院,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2018年第5期640-647,共8页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B05);四川省"十二五"作物育种攻关项目(林竹育种:2011NZ0098-10)

摘　　要：【目的】研究桢楠母树树龄和种粒大小对种子发芽率、多胚率及初生幼苗生长的影响,为桢楠良种育苗提供理论依据。【方法】选择分布于四川盆地西部低山区3个桢楠种群(雨城区小宝洞种群、金凤寺种群和都江堰灵岩山种群)的12株桢楠母树,分别收集其单株种子并进行分级。通过发芽和幼苗培育试验,观察种子萌发情况以及初生苗生长特性。【结果】(1)12株母树种子的发芽率都在92.00%以上,不同母树间种子发芽率无显著差异,种粒大小间的发芽率也无显著差异;(2)所有母树个体都存在多胚现象,但不同母树个体多胚率不同,最高达60.00%,最低为6.33%。每个植株均表现为单胚率最高,双胚率次之,再依次为三胚率、四胚率。双胚率与三胚率、四胚率之间差异显著;(3)同一母树不同粒级种子多胚率无显著差异。参试个体为刚成熟的壮龄母树,在这一树龄段(60～150 a)内,不同树龄母树的多胚率没有表现出随其树龄变化的规律;(4)30 d龄的初生苗中,单胚苗的苗高、地径、根、茎、叶等生长指标显著优于多胚苗。【结论】处于壮龄阶段的桢楠母树,树龄和种子粒级对其种子的多胚率和发芽率没有显著的影响,单胚苗生长指标明显优于多胚苗。种子质量和多胚苗对幼苗的出圃有一定的影响,在健康生长的桢楠母树中选用大中粒级种子育苗可提高幼苗的质量。[Objective] The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of tree age and seed size on germination rate,polyembryony rate and seedling growth and to provide a theoretical basis for breeding seeds of Phoebe zhennan. [Method] P. zhennan seeds were collected from 12 seed trees of 3 populations（Jinfengsi Ya＇an,Yucheng Ya＇an and Lingyanshan Dujiangyan）. The germination characteristics and seedling growth were observed. [Result] ①The germination rates of 12 trees were all above 92.00%. No significant differences were found between seed trees and seed sizes. ②Polyembryony was found in all seed trees. However,polyembryony rate was different,ranging from 6.33% to 60.00% in this study. There was an order of single embryo 〉double -embryo 〉triple -embryo 〉quad -embryo. There was significant difference between double-embryo rate and the other two embryo rates. ③Polyembryony rate did not varied with seed size within same seed tree;④For 30-days seedling,the growth indexes of single-embryo seedlings were higher than those of muhi-embryo seedlings. [Conclusion] Tree age and seed size did not affect germination rate and polyembryony rate in P. zhennan. However,seed quality and polyembryony rate showed certain effects on the quality of seedling and the yield of nursery, selecting relatively large seeds from healthy trees may be favorable for nursery seedling production.

关 键 词：桢楠 母树 种子大小 发芽率 多胚率 

分 类 号：S781.2[农业科学—木材科学与技术]