新疆西昆仑山十字花科植物区系分析  

Flora of the cruciferae in the West Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang

作　　者：张丽君[1] 曹婷 刘鸯[1] 谢双全[1] 阎平[1] Zhang Lijun;Cao Ting;Liu Yang;Xie Shuangquan;Yan Ping(College of Life Sciences,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang,832003,China;Baoji No.1 Middle School,Baoji,Shanxi 721001,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]宝鸡市第一中学,陕西宝鸡721001

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期515-519,共5页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260047)

摘　　要：目的本文对新疆西昆仑山地区十字花科植物进行研究,为该区植物学方面基础研究提供新的参考资料与理论依据。方法通过野外实地考察和标本资料的整理鉴定,并结合相关文献资料,确定植物种类,对其植物区系特点进行分析。结果该区十字花科植物共有24属,43种,4变种,3变型,分别占新疆十字花科植物属的35.29%和种的20.67%。该区十字花科植物组成简单,只有单种属(16属)和寡种属(8属),属的多样性与丰富度相对较高,而种较低;特有现象不明显。植物生活型以多年生草本植物为主(24种,占55.81%),其次为一至二年生草本(18种,占41.86%),半灌木仅1种,与该科的生活型基本一致;其中4种一年生植物在本区并未表现出其在北疆的"短命"植物现象。生态型均为中生植物。结论该区系的地理成分有7个分布区类型和6个变型,具有明显的中亚与地中海、西亚分布(9属,占37.50%)和温带分布(8属,占33.33%)性质;本区与相邻的中国帕米尔高原和中国喀喇昆仑山十字花科植物区系地理成分几乎相同,区系的发生、发展历史高度相似,但现有属的相似性系数分别仅为40.48%和51.35%,种的相似性系数分别仅为21.05%和35.80%,表明本区与两地关系密切,但现有属、种又有一定的地区差异。Objective The purpose of this study is to learn the cruciferous plants in the West Kunlun Mountains area of Xinjiang, and to provide the new reference materials and theoretical basis on botany in the area. Methods Through filed investigation, collection and identification of specimen as well as consulting related literatures. Identify plant species and analyze floristic and geographical characteristics. Results The results showed that there were 24 genera,43 species,four varieties and three variants of cruciferous plants in this area, which accounting for 35.29% of the genus and 20.67% of species of all cruciferous plants in Xinjiang.The cruciferous plants in this area are simple in composition,with only 16 monotypic genera and 8 few-species genera. The diversity and richness of the genus were relatively high,while the species were low; the unique phenomenon was not obvious. Perennial herb was the dominate plant life type （24 species,accounting for 55.81%）,followed by annual or biennial plants （18 species, 41.86%）,and only one species was semi-shrub,which was basically consistent with the life type of the family.Four of the annual herbs in this area had not shown ephemeral phenotype in North Xinjiang..Ecotypes in this area all belonged to mesophytes.The geographical composition of this flora included seven distribution area types and six variants,with obvious distribution characters of Central Asia, Mediterranean and Western Asia （nine genus, accounting for 37.50%） and temperate distribution （eight genus,accounting for 33.33% ）.The geographical composition of cruciferae in this area were similar to that of the adjacent Pamirs and Karakorum Mountains in China.The occurrence and development history of the flora were highly similar,but the similarity coefficients of the present genus were only 40.48% and 51.35%,and the similarity coefficients of the species were ongly 21.05 and 35.8%, respectively,which indicated that the flora of cruciferous plants in West Kunlun Mountains was closely related to t

关 键 词：十字花科 植物区系 地理成分 物种多样性 西昆仑山 新疆 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]