水稻成熟胚愈伤组织染色体加倍的探究  

Study on Chromosome Doubling of Rice Mature Embryo Callus

作　　者：李天菲[1] 林田[1] 韩静[1] 滕小英 周丽[1] 刘鸿艳[1] Li Tianfei;Lin Tian;Han Jing;Teng Xiaoying;Zhou Li;Liu Hongyan(Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center,Shanghai,201106)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业生物基因中心,上海201106

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第20期6777-6784,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：科技部国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2014AA10A603);上海市科技兴农种业发展项目(沪农科种字(2016)第1-6号);上海市科委研发平台专项(18DZ2293700)共同资助

摘　　要：本研究以水稻成熟胚诱导的胚性愈伤为材料,通过直接在培养基中添加秋水仙素,或用秋水仙素溶液浸泡愈伤组织,研究了培养基中秋水仙素浓度、浸泡处理方式、胚性愈伤大小、恢复培养时间等因素对染色体加倍效率的影响。结果表明,在分化培养基中添加4～10 mg/L的秋水仙素能直接得到四倍体水稻植株,加倍率为3.33%～18.86%。浸泡法中高浓度短时间(500 mg/L+48 h)处理比低浓度长时间(300 mg/L+65 h)处理更利于染色体加倍。较小的胚性愈伤组织(2～3 mm)加倍效率更高。延长恢复培养时间能极显著提高处理后的绿苗分化率,从而提高加倍效率。In this study, the embryonic callus induced from rice mature embryo was used as the material. By adding colchicine directly to the medium or soaking the callus with colchicine solution, the effects of colchicine concentra- tion in the medium, soaking treatment method, embryonic callus size, and recovery culture time on chromosome doubling efficiency were studied. The results showed that the addition of 4-10 mg/L colchicine in the differentiati- on medium could directly obtain tetraploid rice plantlets with a doubling rate of 3.33%-18.86%. The soaking treat- ment of high concentration and short time （500 mg/L＋48 h） was more beneficial to chromosome doubling than the treatment of low concentration and long time （300 mg/L＋65 h）. Smaller embryogenic callus （2-3 mm） had higher doubling efficiency. Prolonged recovery culture time could significantly improve the green seedling differentiation rate after treatment, thus increasing the doubling efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻 胚性愈伤 染色体加倍 秋水仙素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]