国际一次性塑料污染控制政策及其启示  

International Single-use Plastic Pollution Control Policy and Its Implications for China

作　　者：廖琴[1,2] 王金平[1,2] 王芳[3] LIAO Qin;WANG Jin-ping;WANG Fang(Lanzhou Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou730000;College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou730000;China Institute for Marine Affairs,State Oceanic Administration,Beijing100161)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州文献情报中心,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [3]国家海洋局海洋发展战略研究所,北京100161

出　　处：《全球科技经济瞭望》2018年第7期63-71,共9页Global Science，Technology and Economy Outlook

基　　金：国家海洋局海洋战略所委托项目"国际海洋领域信息监测及态势分析研究"(Y7DK031001)

摘　　要：海洋中的塑料垃圾已成为全球海洋污染的重要来源。进入海洋中的塑料垃圾主要为一次性塑料,对海洋生态系统构成了威胁,因而日益受到国际社会的重视。本文以一次性塑料为切入点,系统总结了当前世界各国(地区)有关一次性塑料(尤其是塑料袋和塑料微珠)的控制政策,分析了政策措施的有效性。在此基础上,就进一步减少中国一次性塑料污染提出了建议,以期为中国加强塑料垃圾管理提供决策参考。The plastic waste in the ocean has become an important source of global marine pollution. Plastic waste in the ocean is mainly single use plastics, which poses a threat to the marine ecosystem. Therefore, it has been taken seriously by the international community. The control policies and measures about the single use plastics （especially plastic bags and microbeads） in various countries and districts all over the world are systematically reviewed in the paper, and the effectiveness of policy measures are analyzed. On this basis, a few specifc countermeasures are proposed to further reduce single use plastic pollution, in order to provide decision-making reference for China to strengthen the plastic waste management.

关 键 词：一次性塑料 塑料袋 塑料微珠 海洋塑料污染 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]