不同株间覆盖方式对山栏稻农艺性状及杂草防效的影响  

Effects of Cultivation in Different Mulching Patterns on the Agronomic Traits of Shanlan Upland Rice and Weed Control

作　　者：何光亮 赵建发 何美丹 柯智 袁潜华 HE Guangliang;ZHAO Jianfa;HE Meidan;KE Zhi;YUAN Qianhua(Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2018年第3期344-349,共6页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：海南耕地改良关键技术研究与示范专项项目(HNGDg12015);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201403075)

摘　　要：为研究不同株间覆盖方式对山栏稻农艺性状及杂草防效的影响,以白沙白糯为试验材料,采用湿润灌溉方式,通过与裸地常规旱作对比,研究覆盖无纺布和覆盖水稻秸秆两种不同覆盖旱作方式下对生育期、土壤含水量、田间杂草干质量和产量构成因素的影响。结果表明:与裸地旱作相比,覆盖旱作生育期缩短了5～7 d,田间土壤含水量为覆盖水稻秸秆﹥覆盖无纺布﹥裸地旱作;杂草防效为覆盖无纺布﹥覆盖水稻秸秆﹥裸地旱作,覆盖无纺布总体杂草防效在59. 62%～94. 75%之间,覆盖水稻秸秆杂草防效在35%～74. 43%之间;覆盖无纺布较裸地旱作增产3. 3%。覆盖旱作能够增加产量,又能发挥保水和防草等作用,其中,无纺布在防治杂草、保墒和增产方面最突出。Shanlan upland rice variety Baishabainuo was cultivated under wetting irrigation in different mulching patterns with non-mulching as a control, and its growth duration, the soil moisture content, the dry weight of weeds and yield components in all the treatments were determined to analyze the effect of different mulching pat- terns on the agronomic traits of Shanlan upland rice and weed control. The results showed that the growth duration of Shanlan upland rice was shortened by 5 -7 days in the mulching treatments as against the control （non-mulc- hing）. The soil moisture content during the growth Stage was higher in the mulching treatments than in the control in the order of rice straw 〉 non-woven fabric 〉 non-mulching. Weed control was better in the mulching treatments than in the control in the order of non-woven fabric and rice straw mulching had an overall weed control 〉 rice straw 〉 non-mulching. The non-woven fabric mulching of 59.62% - 94.75% and 35% - 74.43%, respectively. The actual yield of Shanlan upland rice in the non-woven fabrics mulching pattern was increased by 3.3% as compared to that of the non-mulching treatment. Upland cultivation with mulching increased rice yield and played a role in water conservation and weed control. The mulching with non-woven fabric was the best in weed control, soil mois- ture retention and rice yield increase in Shanlan rice cultivation.

关 键 词：旱稻 山栏稻 覆盖旱作 无纺布 杂草防效 产量 

分 类 号：S511.6[农业科学—作物学]