佛山地区无偿献血人群酶免联合核酸检测结果分析  

Analysis of Enzyme Immunoassay Combined with Detection of Nucleic Acid Technology among Voluntary Blood Donors in Foshan

作　　者：林俊填[1] 刘知华[2] 何其通[1] 杨富燕 余玉婷[1] 伍伟健[1] LIN Jun-tian;LIU Zhi-hua;HE Qi-tong(Foshan Central Blood Station,Foshan,Guangdong52800)

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市中心血站,528000 [2]佛山市妇幼保健院 [3]佛山市南海区人民医院

出　　处：《临床输血与检验》2018年第6期569-571,共3页Journal of Clinical Transfusion and Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2014～2016年佛山地区无偿献血人群血液检测结果,为制定适合本地区科学、有效的献血招募和血液安全策略提供依据。方法利用酶联免疫法(enzyme immunoassay,EIA)联合核酸检测技术(nucleic acid technology,NAT),对2014～2016年佛山地区无偿献血者的血液进行检测和分析。结果血液总不合格率逐年下降,年度不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义;总不合格率为3.74%,其中常规检测项目的不合格率由高到低依次为ALT(1.97%)、HBs Ag(0.91%)、抗-TP(0.35%)、抗-HCV(0.34%)和抗-HIV(0.18%);NAT不合格率为0.25%,呈逐年减少的趋势,6人份混样的NAT试剂筛查效率明显高于24人份混样检测。结论佛山地区无偿献血人群中引起不合格的主要因素是ALT和HBsAg,梅毒、HCV等感染人群各占一定比例,抗-HIV阳性率呈逐年递增态势。采供血机构应在无偿献血人群中加强献血前健康检查与咨询,并选用更灵敏、特异的血液筛查技术,最大限度防止传染病经血传播,确保输血安全;同时血站应不断提高医务人员的业务素质,强化对无偿献血者的献血知识宣传教育,建立和发展低危、固定的无偿献血者队伍。Objective To provide the reference basis for the development of regional scientific and effectiverecruiting blood donation and blood safety policy,blood test was carried out in unpaid blood donation population infoshan region during 2 0 1 4 -2 0 1 6 . Methods Enzyme-linked immunoassay （enzyme immunoassay,EIA） joint nucleicacid detection technology （NAT） were used to detect donated blood collected from foshan area in 2014 to 2016withoutcompensation in accordance with the provisions for testing,then the results were analyzed. Results The failure rate oftotal blood is decreasing year by year,and the difference in annual rate is statistically significant. Total percent of failureis 3 .7 4%,unqualified rate of the conventional detection project from high to low in turn is ALT （1 .9 7%）,HBsAg（0.91%）,anti - TP （0.35%）,anti-HCV （0.34%） and anti-HIV （0.18%）. The NAT failure rate was 0.25%,withdecreased trend year by year,and the rate of the NAT reagent screening of 6 human specimens was significantly higherthan that of 2 4 human specimens. Conclusion The main factor causing unqualified unpaid blood donation population infoshan area is ALT and HBsAg,syphilis and HCV infected people have a certain proportion,the anti-HIV positive rate isincreasing year by year,with increased risk of blood transmission of infectious diseases. Blood service organization shouldstrengthen health examination and consultation before the blood donation in unpaid blood donation population,and choosemore accurate,specific blood screening technology,improve the blood screening detection sensitivity,prevent bloodtransmission of infectious diseases to the greatest extent,ensure transfusion safety; At the same time blood stations shouldconstantly improve the staff＇s service quality,strengthen propaganda and education of unpaid blood donors in donationknowledge,establish and develop low-risk,stable unpaid donors team,has the vital significance to blood safety.

关 键 词：无偿献血者 酶联免疫法 核酸检测技术 血液安全 

分 类 号：R193.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R446.11[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]