苗瑶语鼻音系统的类型学考察  

A Typological Investigation on the Nasal Systems of the Hmong-Mien Languages

作　　者：谭晓平 TAN Xiao-ping(International College,Hunan University of Arts and Science,Changde Hunan 415000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院国际学院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《语言研究》2018年第4期110-117,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"苗瑶语语音的类型学研究"(16BMZ029)

摘　　要：文章基于40种样本语言考察苗瑶语鼻音系统的类型与共性。苗瑶语鼻音系统调音部位以三到四个为主,其中出现频率最高的是双唇、齿/龈、软腭、龈腭四个调音部位的组合;鼻音调音部位数量在地理分布上呈现由北到南、从西往东逐步递减之势;鼻音系统的结构以清浊两分的格局为主,其次是一套浊鼻音的系统;鼻音音位的平均数目为9.2个,几乎是普遍共性3.33个的三倍;出现频率最高的是双唇、齿/龈、软腭鼻音,其次是龈腭鼻音;弛化鼻音、腭化与唇化鼻音、清鼻音以及龈腭鼻音的高频出现是其显著的类型特征。The nasal systems of 40 language samples in the Hmong-Mien languages are investigated from the typological perspective. Patterns of 3 to 4 places of articulation are the most common ones, among which the pattern of bilabial, dental/alveolar, velar and alveolo-palatal are the most common one; From North to South and from West to East, the spatial distribution of the numbers of places of articulation diminish gradually; The nasal patterns are mainly based on the voiceless and voiced nasals, supplemented by the pattern of a set of voiced nasals. The nasal systems contain 9.2 nasal phonemes on average, and this number is nearly 3 times the universal average number of 3.33 ones; Bilabial, dental/alveolar and velar nasals are the most frequent phonemes, followed by the less frequent alveolo-palatal nasals. The frequent occurrence of the nasal with slack voice, labialized nasal, palatalized nasal voiceless nasal and the alveolo-palatal nasal are its distinct typological features.

关 键 词：苗瑶语 鼻音系统 鼻音类型 鼻音共性 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言] H251