北半球冬季不同PNA和NAO配置与中国降水的联系  

Different PNA and NAO Configurations and Their Relationship with China Precipitation in Boreal Winter

作　　者：王博 饶建 王华曌 生宸 WANG Bo;RAO Jian;WANG Huazhao;SHENG Chen(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education（KLME）/International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change（ILCEC）/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters（CIC-FEMD）,Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China;Gulang Meteorological Bureau,Galang 733100,Gansu,China;School of Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu,China;State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,江苏南京210044 [2]甘肃省武威市古浪县气象局,甘肃古浪733100 [3]南京大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210023 [4]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学与地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《高原气象》2018年第5期1264-1276,共13页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0602104);国家自然科学基金项目(41705024;41575041);南京信息工程大学科研启动基金项目(2016r060)

摘　　要：使用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、GPCC(Global Precipitation Climatology Centre)降水资料和中国气象局台站降水资料,系统研究了冬季太平洋-北美型遥相关(Pacific-North America,PNA)和北大西洋涛动(North Atlantic Oscillation,NAO)在年际尺度上的不同配置及其与我国冬季降水的可能联系。结果表明,在年际尺度上,冬季PNA与NAO两种遥相关无显著相关关系,两者的相关系数只有-0. 13。PNA或NAO的正位相期间,我国华南沿海均出现了显著的降水正异常中心。根据两种遥相关的位相和强度,可将两者的配置划分为以下四种:PNA与NAO均为正位相(第一类配置),PNA为正位相但NAO为负位相(第二类配置),PNA与NAO均为负位相(第三类配置),PNA为负位相但NAO为正位相(第四类配置)。与单个PNA或NAO因子相比,PNA与NAO呈现不同极端位相配置类型时大气环流异常更强,但中国降水异常并不是单因子效应的简单叠加。GPCC和台站降水资料都表明,第一类配置时,黄河以南的降水表现为南涝北旱;第二类配置时,西南至华南西部偏旱,而长江出海口偏涝;第三类配置时,黄河以南整体偏旱;第四类配置时,东北东部、西南至华南西部偏涝,东南沿海偏旱。By using the National Center for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research（NECP/NCAR） monthly reanalysis data,the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre（GPCC） rainfall data,and the station precipitation data provided by the China Meteorological Administration,the four configurations of the extreme Pacific-North America（PNA） pattern and North Atlantic Oscillation（NAO） and their relationship with China precipitation were investigated.It is revealed that the PNA and NAO are nearly independent of each other on the interannual time scale with a correlation coefficient of-0.13 during 1950-2015.We classified PNA and NAO into four configurations： Extremely positive PNA and NAO（configuration Ⅰ）,positive PNA and negative NAO（configuration Ⅱ）,extremely negative PNA and NAO（configuration Ⅲ）,and negative PNA and positive NAO（configuration Ⅳ）.Compared with the circulation anomalies related to one factor（PNA or NAO）,those during different extreme configurations of PNA and NAO are relatively larger,which in turn induces different spatial patterns of the winter rainfall anomalies in China.Both GPCC and station precipitation data showed that,in configuration Ⅰ,more rainfall appears in the south coastal China and the southeastern of QinghaiTibetan Plateau; while the Huaihe Valley is anomalously dry.In configuration Ⅱ,it is dry from the southwest China to the south coastal China,while the east coastal China is anomalously wet.In configuration Ⅲ,a nationwide drought is seen,especially of south to the YellowRiver.However,when PNA and NAO are in their configuration Ⅳ,a large part of east China is anomalously wet,while the southwest China is significantly dry.

关 键 词：太平洋-北美型遥相关 北大西洋涛动 降水异常 

分 类 号：P426.61[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]