不同降雨条件下坡面土壤水分入渗过程研究与模拟  

Research and simulation of soil water infiltration on slope under different rainfall conditions

作　　者：刘小璐 鲁克新[1] 李鹏[1] 徐国策[1] 程圣东[1] 白璐璐[1] 魏芳[2] LIU Xiaolu;LU Kexin;LI Peng;XU Guoce;CHENG Shengdong;BAI Lulu;WEI Fang(State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area,Xi＇an University of Technology,Xi＇an 710048,China;Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering,Xi＇an University of Technology,Xi＇an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,西安710048 [2]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2018年第11期114-118,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51609196);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41330858);国家自然科学基金面上项目(L1624052);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2016JM4017)资助

摘　　要：基于天然降雨条件下坡耕地径流小区土壤水分实测资料,利用Hydrus软件建立了一维非饱和土壤水分运动数值模型,并利用反演得到的土壤水力学参数,模拟研究了改变降雨条件后在较短时间内坡地土壤水分的变化规律。结果表明:相同降雨历时下,同一土层深度的土壤含水量达到最大值的时间随着降雨强度增加而减少;降雨对表层土壤含水量的影响程度更加明显,而深层土壤含水量则相对稳定。模拟发现不同降雨量对土壤入渗深度也不同,小雨可以入渗到10cm,中雨可以入渗到40cm,大雨则可以入渗到100cm及以下;在雨水入渗的过程中,深层土壤含水量呈现"滞后效应";当降雨量达到中雨及以上时,土壤含水量达到最大值后会出现"平台期"。Based on the measured data of soil moisture in the sloping farmland under natural rainfall conditions,the numerical model of one-dimensional unsaturated soil water movement was established by Hydrus software.The soil hydraulic parameters obtained by inversion were used to simulate the soil water changes under different rainfall conditions. The results show that the rainfall on the surface layer and the deep soil layer decreases with the increase of the rainfall intensity. The effect of the rainfall on the surface soil moisture is more obvious,and the deep soil moisture is relatively stable. The result of the simulation found that different rainfall causes different infiltration depth. Light rain can penetrate to 10 cm layer,the moderate rain can penetrate into the 40 cm layer,the heavy rain can be infiltrated to 100 cm and below. During the rain infiltration,deep soil moisture shows the ＂hysteresis effect＂. When the rainfall reaches moderate rain and above,the soil moisture content emerges the＂platform period＂after the soil water content reaches the maximum value.

关 键 词：土壤水分 HYDRUS-1D 降雨 入渗 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]