金龟子对中蜂为害的初步研究  

A Preliminary Study of Scarab Damage to Apis cerana cerana Fabricius

作　　者：杨萌[1] 杜开书[1] 牛新月 周朝霞 张中印[1] YANG Meng;DU Kai-shu;NIU Xin-yue;ZHOU Zhao-xia;ZHANG Zhong-yin(School of Resource and Environmental Science,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 4530032,China;Leadership Academy of Red Flag Canal,Linzhou,456550,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院资源与环境学院,河南新乡453003 [2]红旗渠干部学院,河南林州456550

出　　处：《蜜蜂杂志》2018年第11期9-12,共4页Journal of Bee

基　　金：国家现代农业蜂产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-45-SYZ10)

摘　　要：通过对中华蜜蜂天敌进行调查,发现金龟子是造成中蜂逃跑、群势下降和产量减少的主要天敌之一。调查研究结果表明,金龟子为害中蜂,从5月开始8月结束,以6～7月为主发生期;其种类主要有宽带鹿花金龟Dicranocephalus adamsi、黄粉鹿花金龟Dicranocephalus wallichi Keychain、铜绿丽金龟Anolama corpulenta Motschulsky、白星花金龟Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis、赭翅臀花金龟Campsiura mirabilis (Faldermann,1835)和暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky);为害过程是,以坚硬的体壁和鞘质的前翅为防护,强行进入蜂巢,破坏巢脾,偷食蜂蜜,干扰蜂群正常生活;其为害症状表现为,死亡金龟子堆积在蜂箱巢门口或箱底,中蜂工蜂因与金龟子的搏斗而死亡累累,损失惨重。蜂群群势因蜜蜂个体伤亡而下降,蜜脾被破坏,蜂蜜产量大幅下降,受害严重的蜂群甚至逃跑或死亡。根据上述结果,提出了防治建议,可供中蜂饲养区防治金龟子参考。In this study, we investigated the natural enemy of Apis cerana cerana Fabricius and obtained the first evidence that scarabs were one of the major natural enemies leading to the escape, population decline and production decrease of A. cerana cerana Fabricius. The results show that scarab damage to A. cerana cerana Fabricius began in May and ended in August. with June-July being the main damage period. The scarab species mainly included Dicranocephalus adamsi, Dicranocepha lus wa l lich i Keychain, Ano lama corpu lenta Motschulsky, Protaet ia brevitarsis Lewis, Campsiura mirabilis （Faldermann, 1835） and Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky. With their hard body walls and sheathed front wings as protection, scarabs broke into hives, destroyed honeycombs, stole honey and interfered with the normal life of bee colonies. An accumulation of dead scarabs at the door or bottom of the hives was symptomatic, with damage manifested in numerous deaths and heavy losses of worker bees due to fights with the scarabs. The population of bee colonies declined due to individual casualties of honey bees, along with the destruction of honeycombs and a substantial decline in honey production. Bee colonies subjected to serious damage fled or died, Based on the above results, we offer prevention and control recommendations as a reference for use when scarabs are present in beekeeping areas with A. cerana Fabricius.

关 键 词：中蜂 金龟子 天敌 

分 类 号：S895[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]