热脱附法快速分析大气细颗粒物中非极性有机物  

Analysis of Non-polar Organic Compounds in PM_(2.5) by Rapid Thermodesorption Method Coupled with GC/MS

作　　者：马英歌[1,2] 吴霞 彭梦梦 冯加良 郁建珍[4] 乔利平[1,2] 周敏[1,2] 朱书慧 李莉[1,2] MA Ying-ge;WU Xia;PENG Meng-meng;FENG Jia-liang;YU Jian-zhen;QIAO Li-ping;ZHOU Min;ZHU Shu-hui;LI Li(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Complex,Shanghai 200233,China;School of Environmental and Chemical Enginnering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 20044,4,China;Department of Chemistry,Hong Kong University of Science ＆ Technology,Hong Kong,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室,上海200233 [3]上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444 [4]香港科技大学化学系

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第10期4446-4456,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0200100;2016YFC0200104;2016YFC0206801);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC22B03)

摘　　要：本研究改进了传统有机样品前处理步骤,将大气细颗粒物样品直接装填于TD管并与气相色谱联用的自动化热脱附装置,建立的新型热脱附(thermo desorption,TD)与气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用方法,对72种非极性有机物(non-polar organic compounds,NPOCs),包括34种多环芳烃(polylicycle aromatic hydrocarbon,PAHs)、1种苯并噻吩、27种(C_(10)~C_(34))烷烃(alkanes)、5种霍烷(hopanes)和5种甾烷(steranes)化合物进行定量分析.优化了承载样品装填方式、热脱附条件和进样模式等参数.结果表明,热脱附-气相色谱/质谱方法对多环芳烃、正构烷烃、霍烷和甾烷的检出限分别为0.01~1.0、0.1~8.0和0.50~2.0 ng·m^(-3),标定曲线线性相关系数在0.9以上.热脱附效率分别为:多环芳烃95%~100%、正构烷烃81%~100%、霍烷和甾烷83.1%~100%.与传统溶剂超声萃取的方法差异性比较结果表明,两种方法分析结果的偏差基本小于30%,在可接受范围内.对临安和上海PM_(2.5)中的痕量NPOCs的定量分析表明,采样期间两地大气PM_(2.5)中NPOCs以烷烃为主,其次为PAHs.特征比值法分析结果表明,大气细颗粒物污染主要来自化石燃料燃烧和煤炭燃烧.Non-polar organic compounds（ NPOCs） associated with PM2.5 in the atmosphere were analyzed by automated thermodesorption（ TD） coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry（ TD-GC/MS）. The analyses for a total of 72 NPOCs were reviewed,including 34 PAHs,one Debenzothiophene,27 alkanes（ C（10）-C（34））,5 hopanes and 5 steranes. Through this improved TD method,operation of filter loadings,TD condition and sample introduction were optimized. The MDL were 0. 01-1. 0,0. 1-8. 0 and 0. 50-2. 0 ng·m^-3 for PAHs,alkanes,hopanes and steranes,respectively. Calibration curve linearities were above 0. 9 for all compounds. The TD efficiencies were 95%-100% for PAHs,81%-100% for alkanes and 83. 1%-100% for hopanes and steranes.PM2.5 samples were pretreated by TD and ultrasonic extraction methods separately and analyzed by GC/MS in two laboratories. Results from these two methods were comparable,as the relative biases were less than 30% for most compounds. Analysis results of PM2.5 samples from Linan and Shanghai showed that NPOCs were higher in winter than that in summer. Alkanes were predominant among NPOCs,followed by PAHs. Source analysis by PAH characteristic ratios indicated that fossil fuel burning and coal burning were the main sources of NPOCs in the two sites during the sampling periods.

关 键 词：非极性有机物 热脱附 细颗粒物(PM2.5) 化学组成 来源分析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X830.2