大熊猫演化保护生物学研究  

Evolutionary conservation biology of giant pandas

作　　者：魏辅文[1] WEI FuWen(CAS Key Lab of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所动物生态与保护生物学重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2018年第10期1048-1053,共6页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

摘　　要：研究珍稀濒危动物的演化历史、濒危机制及适应性演化对策,既是保护生物学研究的重大科学问题,也是国家生态文明建设和生物多样性可持续发展的重大需求.大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)是探讨物种濒危灭绝及适应性演化机制的理想模型.本研究团队率先将种群基因组学和宏基因组学等新技术引入大熊猫研究中,开拓了濒危动物种群基因组学与宏基因组学研究领域,系统阐明了大熊猫的种群历史、濒危原因、适应性演化机制与演化潜力等科学问题.以大熊猫为模型揭示了食性特化动物类群在食性转换和特化历程中如何在形态、行为、生理、遗传和肠道微生物等方面产生适应性演化的规律,积极推动了国家大熊猫放归和栖息地廊道建设工程的实施.The evolutionary history, endangered mechanism and adaptive evolution of endangered species are not only the key research focuses of conservation biology, but also the important scientific bases for national ecological civilization construction and sustainable biodiversity conservation. The giant panda is an ideal model for studying animal endangered mechanism and adaptive evolution. Using the giant panda as the study object, we pioneered the field of population genomics and metagenomics for endangered wild animals. Our recent studies clarified the demographic history, endangered causes, and evolutionary potential of giant pandas, and revealed the morphological, behavioral, physiological, genetic and gut microbiota adaptations to specialized bamboo diet in giant pandas. Our findings facilitate the implementation of national projects for giant panda reintroduction and habitat corridor construction.

关 键 词：大熊猫 保护生物学 濒危过程 适应性演化 食性特化 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]