“约法之争”事件再探讨  

Re-examination on the "Struggle Revolving around the Provisional Constitution"

作　　者：马飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学政法学院

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2018年第5期37-45,共9页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"政治哲学视域中的协商民主理论研究"(13CZZ021)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：有关"约法之争"事件的起因,蒋介石与胡汉民的权力之争说或理念之争说等都未能较合理地揭示该事件的原委。中原大战临近尾声时,蒋介石发出江电,并非针对胡汉民,而是意在借国民会议与约法争取社会舆论和精英的支持,压制那些仍在地方半割据的军人可能的反叛与异己文人政客的抗争,增强政府约束这些人的权威。蒋后来还认为,制定约法有助于中国的废约谈判。胡汉民反对制定约法,起初意在维护其宪法观念、权威和颜面。而蒋执意要约法的举动,引爆了积压在胡心中的对蒋凡事自专的长期不满。此后,胡还怀疑蒋要利用约法当总统,因之更反对制定约法。"约法之争"最终以胡汉民被软禁而收场。它不仅间接导致了国民政府原有体制的改变,也促成了新的反蒋局面形成。而该事件之所以能加剧蒋介石与党内外一些势力的矛盾,与中原大战后南京政府的政治整合策略失当有很大关系。Neither Chiang Kai-shek nor Hu Hanmin revealed the true cause of the political struggle revolving around the provisional constitution. When the Civil War in Central China drew to a close, Chiang Kai-shek? sent out the telegram which meant to attract public and social elites ' support by means of National Assembly and provisional constitution, in order to stifle potential rebellions in semi-independent warlord-controlled areas and protests from dissident literati. Later Chiang thought that the establishment of provisional constitution would help China to abolish unequal treaties. Hu Hanmin opposed the enactment of the provisional constitution to save his constitutional authority and face. However, Chiang Kai-shek's insistence on establishing the provisional constitution stirred up the long-term dissatisfaction with Chiang's autocracy in Hu's heart. Hu also suspected that Chiang would use the provisional constitution to entitle himself president. The political struggle revolving the provisional constitution ended with Hu Hanmin's house confinement. This incident not only indirectly led to the changes of the National government, but also contributed to the formation of a new anti-Chiang alliance. Because of the political misconduct in the Nanjing government, the event exacerbated the contradictions between Chiang Kai-shek and some forces inside and outside the party.

关 键 词：约法之争 蒋介石 胡汉民 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]