高温合金复杂空腔结构导向器的精铸工艺研究  

Investment Casting Process of Superalloy Turbine Guide Vane with Complex Hollow Structures

作　　者：王倩[1] 吴亚夫[1] 孔胜国[1] 陈兴福[1] 李俊涛[1] WANG Qian;WU Ya-fu;KONG Sheng-guo;CHEN Xing-fu;LI Jun-tao(Institute of High Temperature Materials,Central Iron ＆ Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]钢铁研究总院高温材料研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铸造》2018年第10期867-870,共4页Foundry

摘　　要：高温合金复杂空腔结构导向器是某型号航空发动机中的关键部件,采用无余量整体熔模精密铸造方法生产。该高温合金精铸件由19片结构复杂的空心叶片构成,空腔内有33处直径1 mm、高2 mm的扰流柱和5处长13 mm、宽2 mm的冷却槽,对冶金质量和尺寸精度要求较高。在蜡模压制过程中,极易发生型芯断裂和叶片叶盆、叶背薄厚不均的情况;在铸造过程中极易产生欠铸、裂纹和疏松等缺陷,铸造成形难度大,试制阶段产品合格率低。本研究通过优化陶瓷型芯定位方式,提高蜡模叶片的压制合格率,并优化内浇道尺寸和位置,同时调整造型工艺和浇注工艺,使铸件合格率大幅提高。The superalloy turbine guide vane casting with complex hollow structures is the key component of aero engines, which can be produced by investment casting. It consists of 19 complicated hollow vanes, 33 pin fins with the diameter of 1 mm and the height of 2 mm, and five cooling troughs with the length of 13 mm and the width of 2 mm. It has a high demand on the metallurgical quality and dimensional accuracy. There existed some problems during the wax pattern preparation, such as cracks of ceramic cores and non-uniform wall thickness of vanes. The misrun, crack and porosity defects can be observed easily in the process of casting resulting in hard metallurgical quality control and low qualification rate. In the paper, with optimizing the location mode of ceramic core, the qualified rate of wax pressing was improved. And the qualified rate of casting was significantly improved by optimizing the gating system design, adjusting the molding process and altering the pouring process.

关 键 词：熔模铸造 导向器 铸造工艺 高温合金 

分 类 号：TG249.5[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]