临床护士工作负荷率测定与分析  

Workload measurement and analysis of clinical nurses

作　　者：徐松[1] 徐乃伟 杜欣欣[1] 李静[2] 原志芳[2] 林梅[2] Xu Song , Xu Naiwei, Du Xinxin , Li Jing,Yuan Zhifang, Lin Mei.(Office of Performance Management, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院绩效管理处,300052 [2]天津医科大学总医院护理部,300052

出　　处：《中华医院管理杂志》2018年第10期842-845,共4页Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration

基　　金：天津市医院协会医院管理研究项目（2016zch01）

摘　　要：目的测量临床科室护士工作负荷率，明确临床护理工作现状，为提升护理管理质量和服务效率提供数据支持。方法随机抽取内科系统、外科系统各3个科室作为观察区域，其在岗护士作为观察对象；拟定护理工作项目表，采用工作抽样法结合随机起点等时间间隔，由经过统一培训的观察员每隔5 min对观察对象当前工作状态进行观察记录，采用SPSS 19.0软件进行数据的整理和分析，提出改善和控制方案。结果内科、外科系统平均护理工作负荷率分别为93.52%和92.13%。内科系统直接护理平均占16.20%，间接护理占57.32%;外科系统直接护理平均占10.59%，间接护理占62.89%。内、外科系统运营增值项目所占比重较大，分别为77.32%和81.54%。结论依托工作抽样法能比较全面、客观反映病区护理工作负荷强度，同时注重区分护理流程增值、浪费类目，有助于提升护理管理质量和服务效率。ObjectiveTo quantify the workload rate of nurses at clinical departments and to clarify the current situation of clinical nursing work. MethodsWe randomly selected three departments respectively from the medical system and the surgery system as observation areas, and the nurses on the job as observation objects. Then we drew up the to-do-list of nursing work, and defined the concepts and activities of various items. The nurses of the department were observed and recorded every 5 minutes by uniformly-trained observers, and the data were collected and entered into the Excel software to set up the database by using the method of work sampling combined with the random starting point and other time intervals. Based on data collation and analysis of SPSS19.0 statistical software, the improvement and control scheme was put forward. ResultsThe average nursing workload rates of medicine and surgical systems were 93.52% and 92.13% respectively. Direct nursing in the surgical system accounted for 10.59%, and indirect nursing accounted for 62.89%; direct nursing for the medical system accounted for 16.20% and indirect nursing for 57.32%. The proportions of nursing work belonged to operation increment were relatively large （77.32% and 81.54%）.ConclusionsThe work sampling method is more comprehensive and objective to reflect the intensity of nursing workload. To define the workload of clinical nurses and distinguish the increment and waste items of nursing process are helpful to improve the quality of nursing management and the efficiency of service.

关 键 词：工作负荷量 护理 工作抽样 流程优化 浪费 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]