峰丛洼地植被生态需水定额及其影响因素  

Ecological-water requirement of vegetation and its driving factors in karst peek-cluster area

作　　者：吴建强[1] 李林 谭娟[1] 郭晋川 王敏[1] 吴卫熊 白杨[4] 黄凯 何令祖 WU Jianqiang;LI Lin;TAN Juan;GUO Jinchuan;WANG Min;WU Weixiong;BAI Yang;HUANG Kai;HE Lingzu(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China;Guangxi Institute of Hydraulic Research,Nanning 530023,China;School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Menglun 666303,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院,南宁530023 [3]河北工程大学水利水电学院,邯郸056038 [4]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,勐仑666303

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第19期6894-6902,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51679141);广西水利科技项目(201418;201517;201612)

摘　　要：以广西田东县峰丛洼地区域为研究对象,基于野外实地观测,构建了适宜的植被生态需水计算模型,估算了区域典型植物群落不同季节的植被生态需水及生态缺水定额,并分析了其主要影响因素。研究结果表明,4种优势植物群落的生态需水定额均是8月最大、1月最小;五节芒群落的生态需水定额最大,月均最大、适宜和最小需水定额分别为36. 85、25. 80 mm和23.95 mm,灰毛浆果楝最小,分别为23.99、16.80 mm和15.60 mm;生态缺水定额呈现出与生态需水一致的特征。植被生态需水定额与植被覆盖度、叶面积指数、空气温度和土壤容重呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而与田间持水量呈显著负相关(P<0.05);植被覆盖度、土壤容重、土壤含水率和潜在蒸散4个指标是影响植被生态需水定额的主要因素。A suitable ecological-water requirement of vegetation model was developed based on field observations in the karst peak-cluster depression area in Tiandong County of Guangxi Province. The ecological-water requirement and ecological water deficiency of vegetation in different seasons were estimated, and the main driving factors were analyzed. The results showed that the greatest ecological-water requirement of 4 dominant vegetation was in August, and the least was in January. The ecological-water requirement of Miscanthus floridulus is the greatest; the monthly average maximum, optimal, and minimum water requirements for this species were 36.85 mm, 25.80 mm, and 23.95 mm, respectively. The ecological-water requirement of Cipadessa cinerascens is the least; the average maximum, optimal, and minimum water requirements for this species were 23.99 mm, 16.80 mm, and 15.60 mm, respectively. The pattern of ecological-water deficiency is the same with the ecological-water requirement. The ecological-water requirement of vegetation has a significant positive correlation with vegetation coverage, leaf area index, air temperature, and soil bulk density; however, there is a significant negative correlation between ecological-water requirement and field water holding capacity. Vegetation coverage, soil bulk density,soil moisture content, and potential evapotranspiration are the main driving factors affecting the ecological-water requirement of vegetation.

关 键 词：峰丛洼地 植被 生态需水 生态缺水 影响因素 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]