特高压输电线路对邻近对空情报雷达站影响分析与实验研究  

Analysis and Experimental Research on Electromagnetic Effect of UHV Transmission Lines to Air Defense Surveillance Radar Station Nearby

作　　者：刘兴发 干喆渊 李妮 张建功 张业茂 LIU Xingfa;GAN Zheyuan;LI Ni;ZHANG Jiangong;ZHANG Yemao(State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection,China Electric Power Research Institute,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]电网环境保护国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司)

出　　处：《高电压技术》2018年第10期3299-3306,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(GY71–16–011)~~

摘　　要：为了防护特高压输电线路对邻近对空情报雷达站的电磁干扰,分析了雷达阵地对特高压线路的距离要求,提出了特高压线路对雷达波的遮蔽损耗估算模型,在锡盟—山东特高压工程实测了线路带电和不带电时的无线电噪声,并在线路一侧距离线路1 660 m处布置发射天线,线路另一侧20～350 m高度采用多旋翼无人机机载天线和频谱仪接收信号,频率范围80～3 200 MHz,实测线路对电磁波的遮蔽损耗。结果表明：交流特高压线路在80～1 000MHz的无线电噪声与背景值相当,线路带电前后没有明显一致性差异,不会干扰雷达信号接收;特高压线路对电磁波的遮蔽损耗在–5.2～2dB之间,最低导线下方区域损耗为–5.2～2dB,导线遮蔽区域损耗为–2.2～1.8dB,在P波段和经验公式估算接近,最高导线以上区域损耗迅速减小至背景波动,随着频率的增加,遮蔽损耗减小。应根据雷达类型确定特高压线路与雷达站的防护间距,米波雷达由阵地要求和遮蔽角确定防护间距。L和S波段雷达根据天线的仰角保证电磁波不遮蔽来确定防护间距;可通过降低线路高度、提高雷达天线、利用有高程差的有利地形来降低特高压线路对雷达的电磁影响。To protect the air defense surveillance radar station nearby the electromagnetic interference of UHV transmission lines, according to radar position requirements, we analyzed the distance between UHV transmission lines and air defense surveillance radar station, proposed an estimation model for shielding loss of UHV lines to radar waves. The radio noise of the Ximeng-Shandong UHV project was measured. The transmit antenna was assigned at 1 660 m away from the lines. On the other side of the line, signals were received by antenna and spectrum analyzer carrying by unmanned aerial vehicle from 20～350 m high altitude.Shielding loss of electromagnetic waves by lines was measured at 80～3 200 MHz. The results indicate that the radio noise of AC UHV transmission lines are close to the background at 80～1 000 MHz. There is no obvious consistency difference before and after the transmission lines live state without interfering with radar reception. The shielding loss of UHV lines to electromagnetic waves is between –5.2～2 dB. The shielding loss in the region under the lowest conductor is –5.2～2 dB. The shielding loss is –2.2～1.8 dB when the shielding area is formed by the lines, approximate to empirical formula estimation.The loss in the region above the highest conductor is rapidly reduced to background fluctuation. The shielding loss decreases with the increase of frequency. The protection distance between UHV transmission lines and radar should be classified by radar type. For meter wave radar, the protection distance is decided by the position requirements and the shielding angle. For L and S band radar, the protection distance is determined by the elevation angle. The electromagnetic effect of UHV lines on radar can be reduced by lowering the lines height or increasing the radar antenna, or by utilizing the favorable terrain with elevation difference.

关 键 词：特高压输电线路 对空情报雷达站 电磁干扰防护 电磁波遮蔽损耗 防护间距 

分 类 号：TM726[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]