除雪化冰路面微波敏感涂层材料与设备  

Microwave sensitive coating materials and equipment for snow removal

作　　者：王剑英 王选仓[1] 丁龙亭[1] 付林杰 WANG Jian-ying;WANG Xuan-cang;DING Long-ting;FU Lin-jie(School of Highway,Chang＇an University,Xi＇an 710064,Shaanxi,China;College of Civil Architectural Engineering,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Harbin 150050,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]黑龙江工程学院土木与建筑工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150050

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期49-57,共9页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51208045);四川省交通运输科技项目(01-2013)

摘　　要：为了在寒冷地区进行科学有效、环保经济的道路除雪化冰,弥补现有传统除雪化冰方法存在的缺陷,提出微波除雪化冰涂层技术。基于微波吸收材料的吸波机理与影响因素,优选羟基铁粉(RW)、羟基铁粉(YW1)、四氧化三铁、氧化铝和膨胀石墨作为微波敏感涂层吸波材料,进行微波敏感涂层材料融冰试验;通过对比不同组试验的温度升高值,分析不同涂层材料吸收微波产热并融化厚冰的能力,选用四氧化三铁、RW、膨胀石墨作为涂层材料分别进行涂层试件加热与融冰试验,研究沥青混凝土吸波涂层路面实际吸收微波融雪化冰的能力,在沥青混凝土试件制作涂层后,冻制5cm的厚冰,微波加热下采用升温差值来直观比较涂层材料吸收微波升温能力,综合考虑微波除冰效率、经济成本等因素,提出选用膨胀石墨作为微波敏感涂层材料。此外,进行了除雪化冰微波设备发射频率、功率、磁控管阵列等技术参数研究,在此基础上研发了便携式微波除冰车,并进行了便携式微波除冰车现场涂层微波加热试验。研究结果表明:四氧化三铁、RW、膨胀石墨3种材料吸收微波升温融冰的效果较好,膨胀石墨60s升温差值为40.2℃,四氧化三铁为8.4℃;采用膨胀石墨作为涂层材料与便携式微波除冰车配合应用的除冰效果良好,今后可为大型微波除冰雪设备的研究开发提供依据。In order to effectively snow removal in cold regions in an environmentally and economically friendly manner,and to overcome the shortcomings of existing traditional methods of snow removal,a microwave deicing coating technology was proposed.On the basis of the absorbtion mechanism and influencing factors of the microwave absorbing material,hydroxy iron powder（RW）,hydroxy iron powder（YW1）,ferroferric oxide,alumina,and expanded graphite were preferred as the microwave sensitive coating absorbing materials.The microwave sensitive coating materials were tested by melting ice.By comparing the temperature rise from different sets of tests,the ability of different coating materials to absorb microwave heat and melt thick ice was analyzed.Ferroferric oxide,RW,and expanded graphite were used as coating materials in coated specimen heating tests and ice melting tests,respectively,and the ability of coated asphaltconcrete pavement to absorb microwaves and melt ice was studied.After the coated asphalt concrete specimens were prepared,a layer of 5-cm-thick ice was frozen,and the difference in temperature rise was used to directly compare their ability to absorb microwaves,Considering factors such as microwave deicing efficiency and cost,expanded graphite was proposed to use as the microwave sensitive coating material.In addition,the technical parameters of frequency,power,and magnetron array of the deicing microwave equipment were studied.A portable microwave deicing vehicle was developed based on this,and a microwave heating test using a portable microwave deicer was conducted on site.The results show that ferroferric oxide,RW,and expanded graphite have better ability of absorbing microwaves and melting ice.The temperature increases by 40.2℃for expanded graphite in 60 s,whereas it increases by 8.4℃for the ferroferric oxide.The use of expanded graphite as a coating material,combination with a portable microwave deicing vehicle has a good deicing effect.It can provide a basis for the development of large-scale micr

关 键 词：道路工程 微波加热 除雪化冰 吸波机理 涂层 便携式微波除冰车 

分 类 号：U414.1[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]