Activation and counteraction of antiviral innate immunity by KSHV: an update  

作　　者：Xiaoqin Wei Ke Lan 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2018年第18期1223-1234,共12页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0502100);the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (81425017);the National Institutes of Health (7R01AI116442) to K.L.

摘　　要：The innate immune responses triggering production of type 1 interferons and inflammatory cytokines constitute a nonspecific innate resistance that eliminates invading pathogens including viruses. The acti- vation of innate immune signaling through pattern recognition receptors （PRRs） is by sensing pathogen- associated molecular patterns derived from viruses. According to their distribution within cells, PRRs are classified into three types of receptors： membrane, cytoplasmic, and nuclear. Kaposi＇s sarcoma- associated herpesvirus （I（SHV）, a large DNA virus, replicates in the nucleus. Its genome is protected by capsid proteins during transport in the cytosol. Multiple PRRs are involved in KSHV recognition. To suc- cessfully establish latent infection, KSHV has evolved to manipulate different aspects of the host antiviral innate immune responses. This review presents recent advances in our understanding about the activation of the innate immune signaling in response to infection of KSHV. It also reviews the evasion strate- gies used by KSHV to subvert host innate immune detection for establishing a persistent infection.The innate immune responses triggering production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines constitute a nonspecific innate resistance that eliminates invading pathogens including viruses. The activation of innate immune signaling through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is by sensing pathogenassociated molecular patterns derived from viruses. According to their distribution within cells, PRRs are classified into three types of receptors:membrane, cytoplasmic, and nuclear. Kaposi’s sarcomaassociated herpesvirus (KSHV), a large DNA virus, replicates in the nucleus. Its genome is protected by capsid proteins during transport in the cytosol. Multiple PRRs are involved in KSHV recognition. To successfully establish latent infection, KSHV has evolved to manipulate different aspects of the host antiviral innate immune responses. This review presents recent advances in our understanding about the activation of the innate immune signaling in response to infection of KSHV. It also reviews the evasion strategies used by KSHV to subvert host innate immune detection for establishing a persistent infection.

关 键 词：KSHV PRRS Innate immune response Evasion strategies 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]