浅裂剪秋萝和丝瓣剪秋萝传粉特性的初步研究  

Prelimary Study of the Pollination Biology of Lychnis cognata and L. wilfordii

作　　者：包宇 乔娅楠 闫兴富[4] 王灵艳 曲文静 唐占辉[1,2] Yu Bao;Yanan Qiao;Xingfu Yan;Lingyan Wang;Wenjing Qu;Zhanhui Tang(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration,Changchun 130117,China;School of Environment Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130117,China;No.2 Student Brigade,Logistics University of People＇s Armed Police Force,Tianjin 300309,China;College of Biological Science and Engineering,BeiFang University of Nationalities,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,长春130117 [2]东北师范大学环境学院,长春130117 [3]武警后勤学院学员二旅,天津300309 [4]北方民族大学生物科学与工程学院,银川750021

出　　处：《植物学报》2018年第5期634-642,共9页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31470446);国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室开放课题(No.130028629)

摘　　要：为了探究浅裂剪秋萝(Lychnis cognata)和丝瓣剪秋萝(L.wilfordii)的传粉生物学特征,从花部特征、花粉呈现规律及传粉者访花行为等方面对其开展研究。结果表明,2种剪秋萝的花期持续时间相近,但浅裂剪秋萝始花日期较早;二者花部特征虽有显著差异,但主要传粉者均为碧翠凤蝶(Papilio bianor)。在开花过程中,2种剪秋萝的雄蕊均分2批呈现花粉,第1批雄蕊的花粉生活力在开花后第1天达到最大值,而第2批雄蕊在第2天达到最大值。浅裂剪秋萝的柱头可授性在开花后第5天最强,而丝瓣剪秋萝在开花后第4天最强,花粉生活力和柱头活性的时间差异表明两物种均为雌雄异熟。两物种共同的传粉者碧翠凤蝶对浅裂剪秋萝的访花高峰出现在上午8:00–11:00,而对丝瓣剪秋萝的访花高峰出现在上午11:00–12:00,导致访花高峰出现差异的主要影响因素可能是生境和花药开裂时间。The aim of this study was to study the pollination biology of Lychnis cognata and L. wilfordii from the aspects floral syndrome, pollen occurrence regularity and pollinator flower-visiting behavior. The floral syndrome of L. cognata and L. wilfordii differed significantly, but the main pollinator of these two species was the same： Papilio bianor. The stamens of the two species shed their pollen in two batches, and the pollen viability of the two batches peaked at different times. The pollen viability of the first batch of the two species peaked on the first day after flowering but that of the second batch on the second day after flowering. The receptivity of the stigma of L. cognata reached the peak on the fifth day after flower- Jng, 1 day later than that of L. wilfordii. Hence, the two species are dichogamous. The flowering period was earlier for L. cognata than L. wilfordii, but the flowering duration of two species was similar. The highest visiting frequency of pollinators to L. cognata was at 8：00 to 11：00 am and to L. wilfordii was at 11：00 to 12：00 am. The important factors influencing the visiting time of pollinators may be habitat environmental factors or time of anther dehiscence.

关 键 词：传粉生物学 浅裂剪秋萝 丝瓣剪秋萝 花部特征 

分 类 号：Q949.747.1[生物学—植物学]