施肥过量对无土栽培非洲菊生长和开花的影响  

Effects of Excessive Fertilization on Growth and Flowering of Gerbera jamesonii in Soilless Culture

作　　者：单芹丽[1,2] 李绅崇 汪国鲜[1,2] 吴丽芳[2] 阮继伟 余蓉培 曹桦[1,2] 杨春梅[2] 蒋海玉[3] SHAN Qin-li;LI Shen-chong;WAN Guo-xian;WU Li-fang;RUAN Ji-wei;YU Rong-pei;CAO Hua;YANG Chun-mei;JIANG Hai-yu(Flower Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricuhural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticul ture,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China;Yuxi Yunxing Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Yunnan Yuxi 652604,China;Institute of Agricuhur al Economy and Information,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所/国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650205 [2]玉溪云星生物科技有限公司,云南玉溪652604 [3]云南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第10期2135-2139,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目(2018HB117);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD10B00);云南省科技厅技术创新暨产业发展专项资金项目(2015XB015);云南省科技厅科技人才引进与培养专项-科技领军人才培养(2016HA005);云南省科技厅重大科技专项(2016ZA006)

摘　　要：【目的】研究施肥过量对无土栽培非洲菊生长和开花的影响。【方法】通过对不同非洲菊品种施用不同浓度过量营养液,记录和测量非洲菊生长和开花的情况。【结果】过量施肥造成非洲菊叶片数和叶面积的增加速度显著降低;除根冠比外,所有非洲菊品种冠幅、干物质积累率、地上部分鲜重和干重、地下部分鲜重和干重均降低,非洲菊的长势变弱;开花时间延迟,花质变差,产花量显著降低。【结论】施肥过量对非洲菊生长和开花均会产生不良影响,不同品种对肥害的耐受力不同。【Objective】The effects of excessive fertilization on the growth and flowering of soilless cultivated Gerbera jamesonii were studied.【Method】The growth and flowering of gerbera were recorded and measured by applying different concentrations of nutrient solution on transplanted plants of different Gerbera jamesonii varieties.【Result】Excessive fertilization resulted in a significant decrease of the growth rate of the leaf number and leaf area of Gerbera jamesonii.Except for the ratio of root to shoot,with the increase of fertilizer amount,the crown width,dry matter accumulation rate,fresh weight and dry weight of the aboveground part,fresh weight and dry weight of all Gerbera jamesonii varieties decreased,and plant growth weakened,and flowering time delayed,and flower quality deteriorated,and flower production reduced significantly.【Conclusion】Excessive fertilization had an adverse effect on the growth and flowering of Gerbera jamesonii,and the tolerance of different varieties to the fertilizer was different.

关 键 词：非洲菊 施肥过量 生长 开花 

分 类 号：S681.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]