广西红水河外来红腹罗非鱼形态差异分析  

Morphological Variation Analysis on Redbelly Tilapia(Coptodon zillii) of Hongshui River in Guangxi

作　　者：汪开成 吴志强 武琳 谭虹雨 赵立朝 刘博文 赵学倩 高胜男 程光平 张曼 黄钧 WANG Kai-cheng;WU Zhi-qiang;WU Lin;TAN Hong-yu;ZHAO Li-chao;LIU Bo-wen;ZHAO Xue-qian;GAO Sheng-nan;CHENG Guang-ping;ZHANG Man;HUANG Jun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University / Key Laboratory of Aquatic Organism Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Control of Guangxi Universities,Guangxi Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院/广西高校水生生物健康养殖与营养调控重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2018年第10期2208-2216,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2015GXNSFBA139066;2017GXNSFAA198044;2016GXNSFDA380033);广西科技重大专项项目(桂科AA17204088-3);广西中青年教师基础能力提升项目(KY2016YB021)

摘　　要：【目的】对广西红水河流域天峨、东兰、巴马、大化、都安、合山和来宾共7个地理群体的外来红腹罗非鱼(Coptodon zillii)进行形态差异分析,探讨该物种在不同地理生境下的形态变异情况及生存状态,以对其入侵现状及危害风险进行科学评估。【方法】基于传统形态学数据和框架数据,采用主成分分析、判别分析和聚类分析等多元统计分析方法,对该7个地理群体共865尾野生雄性红腹罗非鱼进行形态特征比较。【结果】主成分分析共提取了6个主成分(PCA1～PCA6),其中前3个主成分贡献率较高,主要反映鱼体头尾轴、躯干部和尾部的形态变化。PCA1和PCA2散点图显示,多数地理群体已产生明显偏离,各群体在PCA1轴上的差异较在PCA2轴上的差异更为显著。判别分析中,各地理群体判别准确率为80.12%～98.52%,综合判别率为91.29%,除来宾群体和巴马群体间存在少数误判外,通过判别函数可以很好地将其余群体进行区分。聚类分析表明,来宾群体和巴马群体聚为一支,与其它群体的相似性最低,而其它群体间的相似性则较高。7个地理群体体长—体质量的回归分析及肥满度结果显示,各地理群体在野外生长速度均匀,鱼体肥满。【结论】广西红水河红腹罗非鱼地理群体间在形态上已产生了明显的适应性分化,且野外生存状态良好,建议及时采取入侵防控措施。【Objective】According to the morphological difference analysis on invasive redbelly tilapia（Coptodon zillii） from seven geographical populations（Tian＇e,Donglan,Bama,Dahua,Du＇an,Heshan and Laibin） in the Hongshui River drainage basin of Guangxi,the ecological variation and living condition under different geographical habitats were explored,and the invasive status and hazard risk of this species were scientifically assessed.【Method】Traditional morphological and framework measurement data of 865 wild male C.zillii collected from above seven populations were analyzed by principal component analysis,discriminant analysis and cluster analysis.【Result】Principal component analysis extracted a total of six principal components（PCA1-PCA6）.The first three principal component factors had high contribution rate,and mainly reflected morphologic changes on the head-to-tail axis,trunk and tail of the fish.By making a scatter plot on the scores of PCA1 and PCA2,the morphological separations of most populations were significant,and came mainly from the PCA1.In the discriminant analysis,discriminant accuracy of seven geographical populations was 80.12 %-98.52 %,and comprehensive discriminant accuracy was up to 91.29 %.Apart from the mutual misjudgment of some individuals between Laibin and Bama population,other geographic populations could be well distinguished by discriminant functions.Cluster analysis showed that the C.zillii in Laibin and Bama were clustered into a single clade and had the lowest similarity with those from other populations which however had the higher similarity among each other.On the regression analysis and fatness calculation based on the body length and body weight,the wild C.zillii of seven populations grown at a constant speed and with high fatness.【Conclusion】The redbelly tilapia（Coptodon zillii） from different geographical populations of the Hongshui River has been produced the obvious adaptive differentiation under good living conditions.It is urgent to take preventi

关 键 词：红腹罗非鱼 地理群体 形态差异 生态入侵 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学]