高龄危重症患者床旁盲插三腔喂养管行肠内营养的应用与研究  

Application and study on bedside blind placement of three cavity feeding tube in enteral nutrition for elderly critical patients

作　　者：石彩艳[1] SHI Cai yan(Navy General Hospital of PLA,Beijing 10048)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军海军总医院干部综合内科,北京100048

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2018年第9期888-890,共3页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨徒手留置三腔喂养管应用于长期住院的ICU高龄危重症患者行肠内营养的方法及护理要点。方法选择2014年6月-2016年12月中国人民解放军海军总医院常规留置鼻胃管行胃内营养的患者48例作为对照组，选择经鼻留置三腔喂养管行肠内营养的患者26例作为观察组，在实行肠内营养常规治疗的基础上，对2组患者的腹胀、腹泻、呕吐、反流及吸人洼肺炎的发生率进行观察和统计。结果观察组患者吸人性肺炎、反流、腹胀、腹泻、呕吐的发生率均低于对照组（P〈0．05）。2组患者置管成功率差异无统计学意义（x^2=0．53，P〉0．05）。观察组患者置管舒适度提高，住院天数及费用较对照组显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论徒手留置三腔喂养管在行空肠内营养治疗过程中，减少了患者痛苦，同时行胃肠减压，及时清除胃内潴留物，极大减少了患者腹胀、腹泻、反流误吸及吸人性肺炎的发生。Objective To evaluate the way and nursing highlights of bedside blind placement of three cavity feeding tube in elderly critical patients with long-term hospitalization in 1CU. Methods 48 patients between 2014.6-2016.12 were selected in control group adapting routine nursing;26 patients were selected in observation group adapting blind placement of three cavity feeding tube, in practice the enteral nutrition on the basis of conventional treatment, observe and statistics the incidence rate on abdominal distension, diarrhea, vomit, reflux and aspiration pneumonia for two groups. Results There were 14 patients in diarrhea, 8 patients in aspiration pneumonia, 16 patients in vomit on the control group; there were 2 patients in diarrhea, 1 patient in vomit on the observation group. The above three indicators similar between the two groups have statistical significance. Conclusion The enteral nutrition by blind placement of three cavity feeding tube have obviously reduced the pain, gastrointestinal decompression also can clear retention, have greatly reduced the incidence of abdominal distension, diarrhea, reflux aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.

关 键 词：老年危重症患者 肠内营养 护理 

分 类 号：R472.91[医药卫生—护理学]