美国页岩油气勘探开发现状与发展前景  

Status and prospects of shale oil & gas exploration in the United States

作　　者：周庆凡[1] 杨国丰[1] ZHOU Qingfan;YANG Guofeng(SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institut)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2018年第9期39-46,共8页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：目前美国已发现并成功开发了12个主要页岩油气区带。页岩油气证实储量总体呈增长趋势。截至2016年底,美国的页岩气证实储量为209.8万亿立方英尺,约占当年美国天然气总证实储量的61.5%;致密油证实储量为155.55亿桶,占当年美国原油和凝析油总证实储量的44%。2017年,美国页岩气平均产量为460.5亿立方英尺/日,产量增长主要来自马塞勒斯、伊格尔福特、海因斯维尔、巴奈特、奈厄布拉勒、二叠纪盆地、尤提卡等区带;页岩油平均产量为469万桶/日,增长主要来自二叠纪盆地、巴肯和伊格尔福特等三大页岩区。受2014年油价下跌影响,美国页岩油气作业钻机明显减少,但自2016年中期开始恢复增长。根据预测,页岩油气还将持续增长,是未来美国油气产量增长的主要来源。Currently, 12 major shale oil and gas plays have been discovered and successfully developed in the United States. Proved reserves of oil and gas in shale plays increased dramatically. By the end of 2016, shale oil and gas reserves in the US had reached 15.5 Bbbl and 209.8 Tcf respectively, which made up 44% and 61.5% of proved reserves there. In 2017, the US produced 46.05 Bcf/d shale gas and 4.69 MMbbl shale oil（includes tight oil）. Marcellus, Eagle Ford, Haynesville, Barnett, etc. are the main shale gas plays and shale oil is mainly produced from Permian Basin, Bakken and Eagle Ford plays. The price collapse in 2014 already has aff ected drilling activities in shale plays, which have recovered since mid-2016. Shale oil and gas will be the growth engine of oil and gas production in the US.

关 键 词：美国 页岩油 页岩气 储量 产量 作业钻机数 待完井井数 产量增长 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]