激光精细表面制造工艺研究及应用:清洗与抛光  

Research and Application of Laser Fine Surface Processing Technology:Cleaning and Polishing

作　　者：宋杨 王海鹏[1] 王强[1] 马程鹏 管迎春[1,2,3] SONG Yang;WANG Haipeng;WANG Qiang;MA Chengpeng;GUAN Yingchun(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing for Large Metallic Components,Beijing 100191,China;International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京100191 [2]大型金属构件增材制造国家工程实验室,北京100191 [3]北京航空航天大学国际交叉科学研究院,北京100191

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2018年第20期78-86,共9页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：科技部增材制造和激光制造重点研究项目(2016YFB1102503);科技部青年973重点基础研究项目(2015CB059900);国家自然科学基金项目(51005011);北京市自然科学基金项目(J170002;3162019);科技部重点研发专项(2018YFB1107400;2018YFB1107700)

摘　　要：介绍了激光精细表面制造中的两类关键技术——激光清洗和激光抛光,以及其在提高结构材料表面质量和性能表现中的研究和应用。采用激光清洗技术去除铝合金表面氧化层,清洗表面氧含量显著降低,从而明显提高铝合金焊缝质量,避免熔合区气孔形成;通过激光抛光技术对增材成形钛合金构件进行抛光,可将表面粗糙度由5μm以上降低到1μm以下,同时激光抛光钛合金表面发生相变,使表面硬度和耐磨性得到显著提高。最后,进一步讨论激光清洗和抛光复合技术处理Ni-Ti形状记忆合金(SMA)表面的可行性。In current work, two key techniques in laser fine surface processing--laser cleaning and laser polishing--are introduced in the improvement of material surface quality and performance. On the one hand, laser cleaning technique was used to remove the oxide layer on commercial aluminum alloy （5A06） surface. Results reveal that oxygen content on the laser treated surface is significantly decreased, improving the welding quality and avoiding the formation of porosity in fusion zone. On the other hand, laser polishing process is carried out on the laser-based additive manufactured titanium alloys （TC4 and TCll）, showing that as-received Ti-based alloys with surface roughness more than 5μm can be reduced to less than 1μm through laser polishing process. Meanwhile, phase transformation occurs on the laser polished Ti-alloy surfaces, which brings great enhancement of microhardness and wear resistance. Finally, it was furtherly discussed on the composite laser treatment on Ni-Ti shape memory alloy （SMA） surface by combining laser cleaning and polishing tech- nologies.

关 键 词：激光清洗 铝合金 激光抛光 钛合金 NI-TI形状记忆合金 表面制造 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]