广州市教室室内外PM2.5的污染特征  

Characteristic of Indoor and Outdoor PM_(2.5) Pollution in Classrooms in Guangzhou

作　　者：雷杰妮 庄僖 任明忠[2] 石小霞 余乐洹 蔡宗苇[1,3] 张漫雯[2] LEI Jien ZHUANG Xi REN Mingzhong SHI Xiaoxia YU Lehuan4 CAI Zongwei; ZHANG Manwen(School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou,510006, China;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou,510655, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong,999077, China; School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, 510303, China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655 [3]香港浸会大学化学系,环境与生物分析国家重点实验室,中国香港999077 [4]广东第二师范学院生物与食品工程学院,广州510303

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第10期2181-2190,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：环保公益性科研专项(201409080,201509063);国家自然科学基金(91543202,41603072)资助

摘　　要：本研究采用PM_(2.5)连续在线监测仪对广州市不同典型地区4所学校共16间教室进行室内外PM_(2.5)同时监测.结果表明,教室室内外PM_(2.5)浓度水平分别为65±15μg·m^(-3)和75±24μg·m^(-3),4所学校由于不同地理位置、外部环境以及室内卫生条件呈现出不同的PM_(2.5)污染水平;受人为因素影响较大的学校白天的PM_(2.5)浓度较高,受自然环境因素影响较大的学校则呈现白天低、夜晚高的趋势;通风方式和开关窗行为是影响室内外PM_(2.5)相关关系的重要因素,夏季空调机械通风的教室能有效地降低外部PM_(2.5)的渗透,开窗通风的教室室内PM_(2.5)则主要受室外环境影响;同样关窗情况下,具有较好围护结构、气密性较好的教室更能有效避免室外PM_(2.5)污染;当雾霾发生时,室内PM_(2.5)浓度以及室内外一元线性相关系数r^2也相应受到明显影响.通过了解不同区域教室室内外PM_(2.5)的质量浓度,给人们在雾霾和非雾霾天气下如何改善室内空气质量提供帮助,以避免学生长时间暴露在室内PM_(2.5)污染的环境中.The aim of this study is to investigate indoor and outdoor PM2.5by simultaneously monitoring 16 classrooms in 4 schools in different districts of Guangzhou.The results showed that the 24μg·m^（-3）,respectively.The four schools showed different levels of PM2.5pollution due to the different geographical locations,external environment and indoor sanitation conditions.The schools with many human activities have higher concentrations of PM2.5in the daytime than in the evening.Ventilation mode,window opening and closing had significant impacts on the indoor and outdoor PM2.5.The classrooms with air-conditioned mechanical ventilation effectively reduced the infiltration of external PM2.5,while indoor PM2.5in the classrooms with open windows were mainly affected by outdoor environment.In the case of closed windows,better palisade structure and higher window air tightness avoided PM2.5pollution more effectively than the one with lower sealed window.The indoor PM2.5concentration as well as the unitary linear correlation coefficient r^2 of indoor and outdoor were obviously increased on the haze days.The investigation of the distribution of indoor and outdoor PM2.5in different areas might be helpful for improving the indoor air quality in haze or normal weather,and for avoiding long-time exposure to the indoor PM2.5pollution by the students.

关 键 词：室内外空气质量 PM2.5质量浓度 污染水平 广州 雾霾 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]