深海中利用单水听器的影区声源无源测距测深方法  

A passive source range and depth estimation method by single hydrophone in shadow zone of deep water

作　　者：翁晋宝 杨燕明[1] WENG Jinbao;YANG Yanming(Ocean Laboratory of Acoustics and Remote Sensing, Third Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration Xiamen 36100)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋声学与遥感实验室

出　　处：《声学学报》2018年第6期905-914,共10页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1400103);国家自然科学基金(61701129);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金(海三科2016016);福建省自然科学基金项目(2016J01019)资助

摘　　要：在典型深海情况下当声源与接收水听器位于海水表层时，在影区内由声源海底接收器、声源海面海底接收器、声源海底海面接收器和声源海面海底海面接收器4条声线形成声场干涉结构，声强随着频率具有两种干涉周期，随着收发距离的增加而增大，分别随着声源深度、接收水听器深度的增加而减小。因此由单水听器记录的声场干涉结构即可实现宽带声源目标的无源测距测深，仿真分析验证了其有效性。在南海深海声学实验中观测到海面宽带噪声源在声场影区所形成的声场干涉结构，数据分析结果验证了深海声场干涉结构用于声源无源定位的有效性。与传统无源定位方法相比，该方法不需要宽带引导声源、精确的海底声学参数和大规模的拷贝场计算。The sound field frequency-range interference patterns in deep water are discussed based on ray theory when the source and the receiver are near the sea surface. In the shadow zone, the sound intensity periodical structure is caused by the interference among the bottom-reflected wave, the bottom-reflected surface-reflected wave, the surface-reflected bottom-reflected wave and the surface-reflected bottom-reflected surface-reflected wave. The sound intensity changes according to frequency with two cycles, which increase with the increase of the propagation range, and decrease with the increase of the depth of the source and receiver separately. As a result, the range and depth of the broadband sound source can be extracted from the interference cycles of the sound intensity using a single hydrophone, which is validated by simulation analysis. The sound field interference patterns caused by sea-surface broadband noise sources in the shadow zone have been observed in a deep-sea experiment in the South China Sea. The availability of the deep-sea sound field interference structure in the passive source localization is verified by experimental data analysis results. Compared with conventional passive source localization methods, this method doesn＇t need broadband guide sources, precise seaflooracoustic parameters and large scale computing of replica fields.

关 键 词：无源定位 噪声源 水听器 深海 测深 测距 海底声学参数 利用 

分 类 号：P733.2[天文地球—物理海洋学] TB565.1[天文地球—海洋科学]