蒙古高原雪深时空变化特征及地形影响  

Spatio-temporal distribution of snow depth and the topography impacts over the Mongolia Plateau

作　　者：包勇斌 张继权 来全 包玉海[2,3] 佟斯琴[1] BAO Yongbin;ZHANG Jiquan;LAI Quan;BAO Yuhai;TONG Siqin(School of Environment/Natural Disaster Research Institute,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;Inner Mongolian Key La-boratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学环境学院/自然灾害研究所,长春130024 [2]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,呼和浩特010022 [3]内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2018年第12期110-116,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41561099;61631011)资助

摘　　要：基于ECMWF再分析数据,结合Mann-Kendall突变检验法及森斜率,对蒙古高原1980-2015年积雪季雪深的时空分布特征及其与地形因子之间的联系进行了研究。结果表明:年际尺度变化上,1980-2015年蒙古高原积雪深度以0.25mm/a的速率持续增加,尤其2000年后增加幅度更大,而无明显的突变特征。月尺度变化上,雪深从10月开始增加,次年1-2月达到最大值,3月气温回升积雪开始不同程度地消融。空间尺度上,蒙古高原北部、西北部及东北地区的雪深较深,西南地区雪深常年较浅。雪深的分布特征与地形地貌有着直接联系。总体上,雪深与高程呈正相关关系,相关系数0.75,且随坡向、坡度和曲率变化而变化。东南坡、坡度5-10°间及凹凸区域(|曲率|>0.01)更有利于积雪。因此本研究可为牧区雪灾防灾及牧草返青期估算提供科学依据。Based on the ECMWF reanalysis data,combined with the Mann-Kendall mutation test and Sen ＇s slope,the correlation between the spatio-temporal distribution of snow depth and the topographic factors in Mongolia Plateau during 1980-2015 was studied. From the inter-annual scale,we know that the snow depth in the Mongolia plateau increased continuously at the rate of 0. 25 mm/a from 1980 to 2015,especially after2000,but with no obvious abrupt change. From the monthly scale,the snow depth began to increase from October and reached the maximum in February of the next year. In March,the snowfall began to melt in varying degrees. On the spatial scale,deep snow was found in northern,northeastern and northwestern,while the snow depth in the southwestern was relatively shallow. In general,snow depth and elevation had a positive correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0. 75 and varied with slope and curvature. South and east slopes,slopes of 5-10°,and concave-convex regions（ ｜ curvature ｜ 0. 01） were more conducive to snow cover. Therefore,this study can provide a scientific basis for snow disaster prevention and pasture revaluation in pastoral areas.

关 键 词：雪深 蒙古高原 时空特征 地形因子 

分 类 号：P468.025[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]