2017年福建某疾控中心预防医学门诊接种第二类疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应分析  

Analysis on adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in injecting the second type of vaccines in preventive medicine clinic of a center for disease control and prevention,Fujian province,2017

作　　者：林志龙[1] 吴珍红[1] 翁玲[1] LIN Zhi-long ;WU Zhen-hong;WENG Ling(Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2018年第8期579-582,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解第二类疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生规律,总结经验,以期降低AEFI发生率,提高预防接种安全性。方法回顾分析2017年福建某疾控中心预防医学门诊接种第二类疫苗发生AEFI的诊疗资料。结果共接种第二类疫苗20 094针次,AEFI发生情况为:局部反应855人次(4.26%)、全身反应276人次(1.37%)、异常反应21人次(0.10%)、偶合症268人次(1.33%)、晕针38人次(0.19%)。局部反应主要表现为疼痛、红肿,全身反应主要表现为发热、疲乏,异常反应主要表现为过敏性皮疹。偶合症以急性上呼吸道感染最常见(235人次、1.17%)。晕针多发生于年轻女性。结论疫苗本质、疫苗使用和受种者个体3方面因素相互作用导致各种AEFI的发生,只有严格执行预防接种操作规程,才能最大限度减少接种疫苗发生AEFI的风险。Objective To understand the occurrence regularity of adverse events following immunization（AEFI）in the second type of vaccines and summarize the experience,so as to reduce the incidence of AEFI and improve the safety of vaccination. Methods The diagnosis and treatment data of AEFI in injecting the second type of vaccines in a preventive medicine clinic of a center for disease control and preventionin in Fujian in 2017 was retrospect analyzed. Results A total of 20 094 doses in the second type of vaccines were injected.The incidence of AEFI：855 person-times of local reactions（4.26%）;276 person-times of systemic reactions（1.37%）;21 person-times of abnormal reactions（0.10%）;268 persontimes of coincidental events（1.33%）;and 38 person-times of the syncope（0.19%）.Pain and swelling were the main performance of local reaction,fever and fatigue were the main performance of systemic reaction,and allergic rash was the main performance of abnormal reaction.Acute upper respiratory tract infection was the most common coincidental event（235 person-times,1.17%）.The syncope occurs mostly in young women. Conclusion The interaction of 3 factors including the nature of vaccine,the usage of vaccine and individual differences leads to occurrence of AEFI.The vaccination procedures should be strictly enforced to minimize the risk of AEFI.

关 键 词：第二类疫苗 疑似预防接种异常反应 狂犬病暴露预防 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]