SiC微/纳米纤维毡增强SiO_2气凝胶复合材料的制备和表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Silicon Carbide Micro/Nano Fibrous Mat Reinforced Silica Aerogel Composites

作　　者：余煜玺[1] 马锐 YU Yu-xi,MA Rui(Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, Xiamen University, 361005, Fujian, China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学材料学院材料科学与工程系福建省特种先进材料重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《材料工程》2018年第11期45-50,共6页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675452);国防预研基金(6140923020301);反应堆燃料及材料重点实验室基金(6142A060403)

摘　　要：以聚碳硅烷为先驱体进行静电纺丝,制备PCS微/纳米纤维毡,通过交联和高温热处理工艺得到柔性无定型SiC微/纳米纤维毡,然后以纤维毡作为增强体,结合溶胶-凝胶和超临界干燥技术,制备SiC微/纳米纤维毡增强SiO_2气凝胶复合材料(SiC/SiO_2)。结果表明:制备的SiC纤维毡平均直径为1.7μm,横向抗拉强度为0.6MPa,伸长率为6.0%。SiC微/纳米纤维毡与SiO_2气凝胶基体具有较好的相容性,SiC/SiO_2气凝胶复合材料疏水角为132°,比表面积为241.8m2/g,平均孔径为12.0nm,SiC微/纳米纤维毡在增强气凝胶韧性的同时保持了其良好的耐温性和疏水性能。Flexible and amorphous silicon carbide micro/nano fibrous mats were prepared by electrospinning technology with polycarbosilane（PCS）as the precursor to prepare PCS micro/nano fibrous mats and followed by cross-linking and high temperature heat treatment process.The silicon carbide micro/nano fibrous mats reinforced silica aerogel composites（silicon carbide/silica aerogel）were prepared by using the SiC as the reinforcing material,and combining the sol-gel and super-critical drying technology.The results show that the average diameter of SiC fiber mats is about 1.7μm,the transverse tensile strength is 0.6 MPa,and elongation is 6.0%.SiC micro/nano fibrous mat and SiO2 aerogel matrix have better compatibility,the hydrophobic angle of SiC/SiO2 aerogel composites is 132°,specific surface area is 241.8 m2/g and the mean pore diameter is 12.0 nm.SiC micro/nano fibrous mats strengthen the toughness of aerogel while maintaining its good thermal insulation and hydrophobic properties.

关 键 词：SiC微/纳米纤维毡 SIO2气凝胶 静电纺丝 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]