武陵山区双季玉米生长特征及气候适应性分析  

Growth Features of Two Seasonal Corn and Climate Adaptive Analysis in WuLing Mountain Area

作　　者：李明学 周立清[2] 田华林 陈曦 梁可 黄晚华 LI Ming-xue;ZHOU Li-qing;TIAN Hua-lin;CHEN Xi;LIANG Ke;HUANG Wan-hua(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster prevention and Mitigation in Hunan Province ChangSha 410118,PRC;Sangzhi County Meteorological Bureau,Sanzhi 427100,PRC;Shangsi County Meteorological Bureau,Shangsi 535599,PRC)

机构地区：[1]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点试验室,湖南长沙410118 [2]桑植县气象局,湖南桑植427100 [3]上思县气象局,广西上思535599

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2018年第10期39-43,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技部十三五支撑项目(2016YFD0300101-05);湖南省气象局短平快课题(201501)

摘　　要：推广双季玉米(春玉米+秋玉米)种植模式是有效提高土地利用率的重要途径。为研究武陵山区种植双季玉米的可行性,在武陵山区开展不同品种秋玉米地理分期播种试验,结合平行气象观测资料分析秋玉米生育期、产量等生长特征及其气候适应性。结果表明:(1)武陵山区发展双季玉米是可行的,湘玉2号、晋鲜糯6号等是适宜的秋玉米品种,但随着播期推迟,生育期延长。(2)影响武陵山区秋玉米种植的主要气象灾害是生育前期的晴热高温天气、生育后期的秋季阴雨天气;中海拔山区秋玉米种植应避开生育前期高温干旱;前期灌溉是高产稳产的基础;秋玉米还受暴雨、大风等天气影响。(3)武陵山区秋玉米适宜播种中熟品种,应在8月1日之前播种,而早熟品种也应在立秋之前播种才能保证正常灌浆成熟;适当提前播种有利于高产,最佳播期为7月中旬前后。Spring corn ＋ autumn corn planting pattern is an important way to improve land use effciency. In order to study the feasibility of planting double cropping corn in Wuling mountainous area, different varieties of autumn maize are sowed in stages, and the growth characteristics and climatic adaptability of autumn maize are analyzed with parallel meteorological data. The following conclusions are obtained： （1）It is feasible to develop two-season maize in the vast areas of Hunan, such as Wuling Mountain area, Xiangyu No.2, Jinxiannuo No.6, etc., which are suitable for autumn maize planting in this area. （2）The main meteorological disasters affecting the planting of autumn maize in Wuling Mountain area are sunny, hot and hot weather in early growth period, and rainy weather in late . Autumn maize planting in middle and altitude mountain area should avoid high temperature and drought in early growth period. Early irrigation of autumn corn is the foundation of high and stable yield; it also affected by heavy rain, wind and other weather. （3） Medium maturity varieties is suitable for sowing in Wuling Mountain area, which should be before August 1st, and early maturity varieties should be able to guarantee normal grouting maturity before the beginning of autumn. Appropriate early sowing is conducive to high yield, the best sowing period is around the middle of July.

关 键 词：武陵山区 双季玉米 秋玉米 气候适应性 最佳播期 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]