脑能量代谢与线粒体功能关系的研究进展  

The Research Progress of the Relationship between Brain Energy Metabolism and Mitochondria

作　　者：拜云虎 戴春秋[3] 王嘉琪[3] 王圣明[3] 王亚云[3] 杨雁灵[1] BAI Yun-hu; DAI Chun-qiu; WANG Jia-qi; WANG Sheng-ming; WANG Ya-yun; YANG Yan-ling(Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi＇an, Shaanxi, 71003, China; Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi＇an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Department of General Surgery, 153 Hospital, Chinese People＇s Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China)

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院肝胆外科,陕西西安710032 [2]中国人民解放军第153医院普外科,河南郑州450000 [3]第四军医大学人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室暨梁銶琚脑研究中心,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2018年第17期3382-3387,共6页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81470843)

摘　　要：线粒体是人体内的能量代谢工厂,而脑是人体内能量代谢最活跃的部位。神经元和胶质细胞是脑内主要的细胞。本文对线粒体在能量产生的作用进行综述,同时比较神经元和星形胶质细胞能量代谢的异同及密切联系,并对神经退行性变中能量代谢障碍与线粒体可塑性改变进行了回顾。以三种神经退行性疾病帕金森、阿尔兹海默和脊髓侧索硬化症为例说明线粒体在神经系统疾病和脑能量代谢之间的重要作用。从而进一步系统的认识,脑内的线粒体在生理和病理状态下对能量代谢的影响。深入了解其机制,为研究神经系统退行性疾病提供新的治疗策略。Mitochondria are factories of energy metabolism in the human body, and the brain is the most energetically metabolizable part of the body. Neurons and glia are the main cells in the brain. In this review, we describe the role of mitochondria in energy production, and compare the similarities and differences in energy metabolism between neurons and astrocytes. In addition, we also review the changes in energy metabolism and mitochondrial plasticity in neurodegeneration. The three neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson＇s,Alzheimer＇s, and myelodysplastic syndromes, exemplify the important role of mitochondria in neurological disorders and brain energy metabolism. Thus further systematic understanding the influence of the brain mitochondria in the physiological and pathological state of energy metabolism. A better understanding of these pathophysiological events may provide a potential pathway for designing novel therapeutics to ameliorate neurodegenerative disorders.

关 键 词：脑 能量代谢 线粒体 神经退行性变 

分 类 号：Q426[生物学—神经生物学] Q731[生物学—生理学]