呼和浩特地区20次过程性暴雨特征总结  

Characteristics of 20 rainstorm processes in Hohhot

作　　者：张金硕 高志国[2] Zhang Jinshuo;Gao Zhiguo(Hohhot Meteorological Bureau,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010020;Inner Mongolia Climate Center,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010051)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特市气象局,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古气候中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《内蒙古气象》2018年第4期7-10,共4页Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia

摘　　要：文章对2000—2016年呼和浩特地区20次过程性暴雨进行分析,结果表明:65%的暴雨天气过程为冷切变型、25%的为西来槽型,暖湿切变型和蒙古冷涡型各出现1次;冷切变型的冷空气路径为西北或北,呼和浩特北部暴雨天气过程都是该类型,影响系统发展至对流层上层的高低空急流作用明显,副热带高压是重要的影响系统;西来槽型的冷空气路径为西北或西,系统发展至对流层中层,全部发生在呼和浩特中部地区,高空急流作用不明显、低空急流有很大贡献;暖湿切变型的冷空气路径为西或北,天气系统发展至对流层中下层,有地面倒槽或气旋顶部辐合区配合,低空急流起到关键作用,暖湿切变依赖于副热带高压存在;蒙古冷涡与偏南方向的低涡或西来槽相结合造成内蒙古中部强降水的个例较多,系统发展比前3种深厚且辐合更强烈。The 20 rainstorm processes in Hohhot from 2000 to 2016 were analyzed and the results show that 65% were cold-sheartype, 25% were westerly trough type, warm-wet shear type and Mongolia cold-vortex type appeared once. The cold-air path of thecold-shear type was northwest or northward. The system causing the heavy rain in the northern part of Hohho developed to theupper troposphere with the obvious low-level jet and the subtropical high dominated.The cold-air path of the west-trough type wasnorthwestern or western.The systems developed to the middle troposphere and mainly appeared in the central part of Hohhot. Theeffect of low-level jet stream was stonger than high-level jet which has little influence. The cold air path of warm-wet shear type waswest or northward, and the system developed to the middle and lower troposphere. There were ground inverted troughs or cyclone,and low-level jet played a key role. The warm-wet shear depends on the existence of the subtropical high. The combination of lowvortexor westerly trough and Mongolian cold vortex caused heavy precipitation frequently in central Inner Mongolia, and the systemdeveloped more stonger with more stronger convergence than in the first three.

关 键 词：暴雨 呼和浩特 分型 对比分析 特征总结 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]