中国的行业神崇拜:民间信仰、行业组织与区域社会  

Worship of Industry Gods in China:Folk Belief,Industry Organization and Regional Society

作　　者：邓庆平[1] 王崇锐 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学人文学院,北京100029 [2]北京市海淀区田村路街道城管执法队,北京100039

出　　处：《民俗研究》2018年第6期119-132,共14页Folklore Studies

基　　金：中国政法大学2014年校级人文社会科学项目(项目批准号:14ZFG77001)的阶段性成果.

摘　　要：各行各业供奉自己的祖师神或保护神,这在中国传统社会是非常普遍的现象。作为一种独特的民间信仰,行业神崇拜是业缘性社会组织的精神象征,通过共同的祖师神信仰和祭祀仪式,行业组织的整合和维系得以实现。通过行业神崇拜研究,我们不仅可以了解中国历史上不同行业从业者的信仰文化和心态,还可以透视特定区域的产业结构、社群组织和基层社会秩序。检视和反思学术界现有的研究成果,我们可以在研究路径和理论视野上寻找中国行业神信仰研究的新的生发点。It is a common phenomenon in traditional Chinese society that people of all walks of life worship their ancestral gods or protective gods.As a unique folk belief,the worship of industry gods is the spiritual symbol of the social organization based on industry relations.Through the common ancestral god belief and sacrificial ceremony,the integration and maintenance of industry organizations can be realized.The study of the industry god worship can not only help understand the belief culture and mentality of the practitioners from different industries in Chinese history,but also apprehend the specific region's industrial structure,community organizations and grassroots social order.By reviewing of and reflecting on the previous research on this issue,we can find a new starting point for the study of Chinese industry god belief from both the methodological and theoretical perspectives.

关 键 词：行业神 民间信仰 祭祀组织 行业组织 区域社会 

分 类 号：B933[哲学宗教—宗教学]