三七功用与化学成分  

Function and Chemical Compositioni of Sanqi

作　　者：周晨[1] 刘辉 ZHOU Chen;LIU Hui(The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medieine：1.2016 TCM Internal Medicine;2017 TCM Surgery,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学第一附属医院

出　　处：《实用中医内科杂志》2018年第8期4-7,共4页Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine

摘　　要：三七味甘、微涩、微苦,性温,归肝、胃、大肠经,别称田七,又名山漆、金不换、血参、田漆等。始用跌打损伤、疮疡肿毒、蛊毒等,明、清范围扩大,用于内科、妇科出血性、血瘀性病证。《本草纲目》谓"止血、散血、定痛……,亦主吐血衄血""能治一切血病"。《玉楸药解》载"和营止血,通脉行瘀,行瘀血而敛新血"。《本草纲目拾遗》"三七补血第一"。《跌损妙方》含三七方40首,多配伍活血祛瘀、止血、力气、止痛之品;陈士铎认为"三七根,入五脏之经,最止诸血,外血可遏,内血可禁,崩漏可禁",叶天士三七汁治吐血证、"络伤血溢",徐灵胎善用三七伍阿胶养阴止血;张锡纯首选三七止血之效,治内、外、妇科等疾病;近代张山雷冲服三七(约0.96~1.94g)贯穿于血证辨论始终。三七含皂苷、黄酮、挥发油、氨基酸、多糖、淀粉、蛋白质、三七素及多种微量元素;三七总皂苷能抗血小板聚集,降低全血黏度,抑制血小板激活、聚集,明显降低心肌缺血,改善心肌微循环,清除氧自由基、抑制脂质过氧化和稳定神经细胞;三七素、槲皮苷等均能促进凝血过程的发生,缩短出血后凝血时间,促进凝血酶的生成;多用于冠心病、心绞痛及脑血管疾病防治。也有报告三七可导致出血。促凝止血、抗凝活血作用临床与实验报告不尽一致;且与用量大小有关,低剂量止血作用更显著,中、高剂量活血即抗血栓形成作用更强,鲜少对量效关系深入探究。未来亟待明确活血、止血双向调节药效用量界点,有待进一步实验和临床研究。Panax notoginseng sweet, slightly astringent, slightly bitter, sexual temperature, belong to liver, stomach, large intestine classics, nickname Tianqi, also known as mountain lacquer, jinbubao, blood ginseng, field paint.It has been used to treat bruising injury, ulcers, swelling and poisoning, gu du, etc., and the scope of Ming and Qing dynasties has been expanded. It is used in internal medicine, gynecology, bleeding, blood stasis and venereal diseases.Compendium of materia medica refers to ＂stopping bleeding, dispersing blood and fixing pain＂ Epistaxis also epistaxis It can cure all blood diseases. The drug solution of juanju contains ＂heying stops bleeding, passes through the pulse to go through stasis, and collects new blood＂. Compendium of materia medica（compendium of materia medica）. It contains 40 pieces of sanqi recipe. It is more suitable for invigorating blood circulation, removing blood stasis, stopping blood, strengthening and relieving pain.According to CHEN shiduo, ＂the three or seven sutras into the five organs can stop the most blood, while the outside blood can be repressed, the inside blood can be forbidden, and the disintegrating blood can be prohibited.＂ The treatment of hematemesis syndrome and ＂collateral injury and blood spillage＂ with tiansan ye sanqi juice, XU Lingtai is good at nourishing Yin and hemostasis with sanqiwu gelatin. ZHANG xichun preferred the hemostasis effect of panax notoginseng for internal, external and gynecological diseases. In modern times, ZHANG Shanlei＇s suit of panax notoginseng（about 0.96-1.94 g） was used throughout the discussion of blood evidence. Panax notoginseng contains saponins, flavones, volatile oils, amino acids, polysaccharides, starch, proteins, panax notoginseng and various trace elements.Total saponins of panax notoginseng can resist platelet aggregation, reduce total blood viscosity, inhibit platelet activation and aggregation, significantly reduce myocardial ischemia, improve myocardial microcirculation, eliminate oxygen

关 键 词：三七 田七 活血止血 跌打损伤 疮疡肿毒 蛊毒 内科 妇科 皂苷 三七总皂苷 三七素 槲皮苷 促凝 抗凝 量效关系 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]