收割时期及发酵处理对张杂谷营养成分及其在奶牛瘤胃中降解率的影响  

Effect of harvesting time and fermentation on nutrition of Zhang Zagu and rumen degradation rate in cow

作　　者：孙全文[1] 韩昱[1] 赵治海 范光宇 郭鹏[3] 刘春阳 孙茂红[1] 靳玲品[1] 赵月平[1] SUN Quanwen;HAN Yu;ZHAO Zhihai;FAN Guangyu;GUO Peng;LIU Chunyang;SUN Maohong;JIN Linpin;ZHAO Yueping(Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei Province 075000,China;Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou,Hebei Province 075000,China;Beijing Haoyouxuntian Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院,河北张家口075000 [2]张家口市农业科学院,河北张家口075000 [3]北京好友巡天生物技术有限责任公司,北京海淀100080

出　　处：《中国饲料》2018年第21期21-26,共6页China Feed

基　　金：河北省科技计划项目(16226310D;17226602D)

摘　　要：为探究不同收割时期和发酵处理对张杂谷营养成分及其在瘤胃内降解率的影响,本试验共设4个不同处理组:早期收割干草(EH);晚期收割干草(LH);早期收割发酵干草(EF);晚期收割发酵干草(LF)。测定张杂谷粗灰分、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)等营养成分以及相关氨基酸的含量,并采用尼龙袋法测定干物质(DM)、CP、NDF及ADF的瘤胃降解率。结果发现:收割时间对张杂谷营养成分有显著影响,发酵处理对于部分营养组分也有显著影响。在收割时间和发酵处理二因素互作的影响下,张杂谷粗灰分含量、ADF含量、中性洗涤不溶蛋白及可溶糖含量变化差异显著(P <0.05),EF组水溶性碳水化合物及可溶糖含量最优。另外,EF组张杂谷水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量及丝氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸含量较高。对于瘤胃降解率的研究发现,收割时间及发酵处理对张杂谷干物质有效降解率有显著影响,EF组的干物质有效降解率低于其他三组。早期收割张杂谷粗蛋白质有效降解率显著低于晚期收割(P <0.05),发酵处理张杂谷粗蛋白质有效降解率低于未发酵张杂谷(P <0.05)。收割时间及发酵处理二者交互作用对张杂谷粗蛋白质有效降解率无显著影响。结果表明,早期收割及发酵处理对于张杂谷营养成分均有较大改善作用,而且可适当降低张杂谷在瘤胃内降解比率,增加营养物质过瘤胃比例,为营养物质进入后肠道消化提供良好条件。In order to explore the effect of harvesting time and fermentation on nutrition of Zhang Zagu and rumen degradation rate in cow.The test was divided into 4 groups： early harvest hay （EH）,late harvest hay （LH） ,early harvesting and fermentation of hay（EF）,late harvesting and fermentation of hay（LF）.The contents of nutrients such as crude ash,crude protein （CP）,neutral was hing fiber （NDF） and acid was hing fiber （ADF） ,and related amino acids in Zhang Zagu were determined.Nylon bag method was used to determine the digestion of dry macher （DM）,CP,NDF and ADF.The results showed that harvest time had significant effects on the nutritional content of Zhang Zagu,and fermentation treatment also had significant effects on some nutritional components.Under the influence of two factors of harvesting time and fermentation treatment,the variation of crude ash content,ADF content,neutral detergent-insoluble protein and soluble sugar content in Zhang Zagu were significantly different （P 〈 0.05）.Contents of water-soluble carbohydrates （WSC） and soluble sugar in EF group were the best.The content of WSC and contents of threonine,serine,valine,isoleucine, phenylalanine and leucine of EF group in Zhang Zagu were higher.In addition,the study of rumen degradation rate found that,harvesting time and fermentation treatment had significant effect on the effective degradation rate of dry matter of Zhang Zagu and rate of dry matter degradation in EF group was lower than the other three groups.Crude protein of Zhang Zagu in EH group was significantly lower than LH group （P 〈 0.05）.The effective degradation rate of fermentation of Zhang Zagu crude protein was significantly lower than the unfermented Zhang Zagu （P 〈 0.05）.Interaction between harvest time and fermentation treatment had no significant effect on the effective degradation rate of Zhang Zagu crude protein.The results indicated that the early harvest and fermentation treatments for nutrients of Zhang Zagu had greatly improve

关 键 词：收割时期 发酵 张杂谷 奶牛 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]