纳萨尔巴里起义的社会动力机制及其后果  

Naxalbari Uprising:Background,Processes and Consequences

作　　者：王晴锋 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院世界民族学人类学研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2018年第3期85-93,共9页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目"印度纳萨尔运动研究"(编号:17FGJ007)

摘　　要：20世纪60年代中期,土地分配不均、贫富差距悬殊、通货膨胀、严重饥荒等因素再加上部落的反抗和印共(马)在当地的长期群众动员工作,最终导致1967年西孟加拉邦的纳萨尔巴里地区爆发大规模的农民武装暴动。在马宗达、桑亚尔等人的领导下,起义者提出一系列主张,诸如废除地主土地垄断、重新分配土地、武装农民、反对资产阶级政府等,革命的浪潮迅速扩展到毗邻区域。纳萨尔巴里起义使刚在西孟加拉邦联合参与执政的印共(马)处于进退维谷的境地。作为进入议会政治体系的主流左派,印共(马)最终选择了镇压起义,此举造成党内严重分裂。萨尔巴里起义在印度共产主义运动史上具有重要的地位,它不只是一场地方性的农民起义,而且是后殖民时代西孟加拉邦乃至整个印度的重要社会政治事件。In the mid-1960's,uneven distribution of land,wide gap between the rich and the poor,currency inflation,severe famine,as well as the tribe's tradition of resistance and long-term mass mobilization by CPI(M),all of these factors contribute to the Naxalbari uprising in West Bengal in 1967.Under the leadership of Charu Mazumdar and Kanu Sanyal,the insurgent proposed series of assertion,such as abolishing land monopoly by land lords,redistribution land,armed and organized peasants,against bourgeois government.The revolution waves expanded to the adjacent areas rapidly.Naxalbari uprising made CPI(M)in a dilemma,whose United Front just come into power united with other parties in West Bengal.As a mainstream Left party,which advocate parliamentary politics,the CPI(M)finally choose to repress peasant uprising,and therefore lead to severe schism inside party.Naxalbari uprising has important status in the history of Communist movement in India,it is not just a local peasant revolt,but also is an significant social-political event in the post-colonial era of West Bengal and even the whole India.

关 键 词：西孟加拉邦 纳萨尔巴里 印共(马) 部落 纳萨尔分子 

分 类 号：D735.1[政治法律—政治学]