华山松、油松不同叶龄针叶光合特性对林窗式疏伐的响应  

Differential Responses of Age-related Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pinus armandii and Pinus tabuliformis to Gap-model Thinning

作　　者：赵庆霞 包维楷[2] ZHAO Qing-xia;BAO Wei-kai(Institute of New Rural Development,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,Siehuan,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学新农村发展研究院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,中国科学院成都生物研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2018年第5期104-109,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑课题(2011BAC09B0402)

摘　　要：[目的]通过对比研究华山松和油松不同叶龄针叶形态、光合速率、叶绿素和叶氮含量对林窗式疏伐的响应,探讨林窗大小、叶龄和树种对林窗式疏伐后叶光合特性响应的影响。[方法]2008年在30年生华山松和油松混交人工林中,设置对照、小林窗(80 m2)和中林窗(110 m2)处理,2013年以对照样地内和林窗边缘华山松和油松为研究对象,测定其当年生、1年生和2年生叶比叶重(LMA)、单位叶面积叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b含量(Chl b)、氮含量(N)、最大净光合速率(Amax)、光合氮利用效率(PNUE)等指标。[结果]小林窗和中林窗疏伐对叶光合特性影响一致,均对当年生叶影响不显著,但显著改变了1年生和2年生叶绿素含量、N和PNUE,提高了其Amax。华山松叶LMA、叶绿素含量、N、Amax均低于油松,两树种多年生叶对林窗式疏伐的响应也明显不同:林窗边缘华山松1年生和2年生叶LMA和N与对照差异不显著,但叶绿素含量低于对照,PNUE和Amax显著高于对照;林窗边缘油松1年生和2年生叶LMA和PNUE与对照差异不显著,但N和Amax显著高于对照。[结论]80 110 m2林窗疏伐显著改变叶光合特性,提高其光合潜力;林窗疏伐影响1年生和2年生叶光合特性,对当年生叶影响不显著;华山松和油松对林窗式疏伐的响应特征存在差异。[Objective]To study the responses of age-related leaf morphology,photosynthetic rate,photosynthetic pigments,and leaf nitrogen of Pinus armandii and P. tabuliformis to gap-model thinning,intending to explore the influences of gap size,leaf age,and species on leaf characteristics after thinning. [Method] The small gaps（ 80 m2）,intermediate gaps（ 110 m2） and a control were set in a 30-year-old mixed P. tabuliformis and P. armandii plantation in 2008. The P. armandii and P. tabuliformis in control plots and gap-edged pines were chosen as test materials,and the leaf mass per area（ LMA）,area-based chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,nitrogen content（ N）,maximum photosynthetic rate（ Amax）,and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency（ PNUE） of current year,one-yearold,and two-year-old leaves were measured in 2013. [Result]Small and intermediate gaps had no significant influences on current-year leaves of P. armandii and P. tabuliformis,while significantly altered chlorophyll,N content,and PNUE,enhanced Amaxof one-year-old and two-year-old leaves. P. armandii had lower LMA,chlorophyll content,N,and Amax. Moreover,older leaves of P. armandii and P. tabuliformis showed differentiated responses to gap-model thinning： gap-edged P. armandii showed lower chlorophyll content,higher Amaxand PNUE than the control,while the LMA and N were no significantly different with the control; gap-edged P. tabuliformis had higher Amaxand N than the control,while LMA and PNUE had no obvious difference with the control. [Conclusion]Gaps in size of 80-110 m2 can alter the leaf characteristics and improve its photosynthetic capacity. Gap-model thinning has significant influences on the older leaves,while has no influence on current leaves. P. armandii and P. tabuliformis have different responding strategies to gap-model thinning.

关 键 词：林窗大小 叶龄 最大净光合速率 光合氮利用效率 疏伐 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]