破产法视野下的消费者过度负债问题  

Consumer Over-indetedness in Perspective of Bankruptcy Law

作　　者：殷慧芬 YIN Hui-fen(Shanghai University of Political Science and Law School of Law,Shanghai 201701,China)

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院法律学院,上海201701

出　　处：《消费经济》2018年第5期43-47,共5页Consumer Economics

摘　　要：过去的三十年里,我国消费信用大幅攀升,居民部门债务收入比、债务资产比增长趋势明显。局部地区信用消费快速发展,产生的一些消费者过度负债现象已经对经济发展产生了不容忽视的影响。我国目前没有处理过度负债问题的立法框架,现有消费者债务纠纷解决机制主要包括民事强制执行中的参与分配制度、限制高消费令等,这些规定过于简单,无法实现债权人之间的公平清偿,债务人也没有获得新生的可能性。本文基于国家统计局网站、中国人民银行网站的公开数据进行实证研究,分析了消费信用在中国的快速发展和消费者过度负债的现状,从理论上探讨了我国目前消费者过度负债的司法实践中存在的问题和消费者破产立法的可行性,提出消费者破产制度将为信用经济中无力偿还债务的消费者提供一种有效的退出机制。Over the past three decades, China has experienced a significant increase in consumer credit. Debt-to-income ratios and debt-to-assets ratios have increased significantly. The expansion of consumer creditin some regions leads to the climbing of consumers＇ over-indebtedness, which causes a significant impact on paper makes use of publicly available data collected on government websites and bank websites to empirically describe the rapid development of consumer credit and the current situation of consumers＇ over-indebtedness in China, and also theoretically discusses the problems existing in the judicial practice of excessive consumer debt in China and the feasibility of consumer bankruptcy legislation. Based on these investigations the paper suggests that although there are some obstacles, it is necessary and feasible to construct consumer insolvency system in China. It is proposed that the consumer bankruptcy system will provide an effective exit mechanism for consumers in the credit economy who are unable to repay their debts.

关 键 词：消费信用 过度负债 债务收入比 债务资产比 消费者破产 

分 类 号：F830.589[经济管理—金融学]