带状疱疹的临床流行病学及预防  

Clinicoepidemiology and Prophylaxis of Herpes Zoster

作　　者：王官清[1] 李晓霞[2] WANG Guanqing;LI Xiaoxia(Department of Dermatology,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 201620,China;Department of Infectious Diseases,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院皮肤科,上海201620 [2]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院感染性疾病科,上海201620

出　　处：《中国皮肤性病学杂志》2018年第11期1325-1330,共6页The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671884;30840070)

摘　　要：带状疱疹的临床流行病学特点因研究数据来源或带状疱疹后神经痛(PHN)定义不同而有差异。以人口基数统计,带状疱疹的发病率为(3~5)/(千人·年)并逐年增长2. 5%~5%,住院率为(2~25)/(10万人·年),死亡率为(0. 017~0. 465)/(10万人·年)。带状疱疹的复发率为1%~6%,易患因素包括高龄、女性和免疫力低下,并发症主要有PHN和眼带状疱疹(HZO)。高龄、前驱症状重、皮疹重、疼痛重或免疫力低下患者易发展为PHN。带状疱疹和PHN降低患者生活质量并加重患者家庭及社会的经济负担。提高机体抵抗力是首要预防措施,接种带状疱疹疫苗降低带状疱疹和PHN的发生率和严重程度。The clinicoepidemiologic features of herpes zoster varies with the data sources or postherpetic neuralgia（PHN） definitions. Several population-based surveys revealed that the global incidence of herpes zoster is 3 to 5 per 1,000 person-years with an annual increase of 2.5% to 5%. Hospitalization rate is 2 to 25 per 100,000 personyears,and the mortality rate is 0. 017 to 0. 465 per 100,000 personyears. One to six percent of the patients with zoster have risk of recurrence. The factors predisposes patients to zoster include older age, women, and immunocompromised, and major complications of herpes zoster include PHN and herpes zoster ophthalmicus （HZO）. Zoster patients with older age, severe prodrome, severe rash or severe pain during acute phase, or those with immunocompromise have higher risk to develop PHN. Herpes zoster and PHN reduce patients＇ quality of life and increase economic burdens of their families and societies. Improving individual＇ s immunity is essential for prophylaxis of zoster, and vaccination with zoster vaccine effectively reduces the incidence and severity of zoster and PHN.

关 键 词：带状疱疹 临床流行病学 预防 

分 类 号：R752.1[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]