1963-2017年许昌市流行性乙型脑炎流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of Japanese B encephalitis in Xuchang,1963-2017

作　　者：张巧红[1] 徐向华[1] 闫有成 郑惠平[1] 俎炳灿[1] 马莹莹[1] ZHANG Qiao - hong, XU Xiang - hua, YAN You - cheng, ZHENG Hui - ping, ZU Bing - can, MA Ying - ying(Xuchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China)

机构地区：[1]许昌市疾病预防控制中心,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第21期3866-3869,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析1963-2017年许昌市流行性乙型脑炎动态变化趋势和流行病学特征,为探索有效防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对疫情数据进行分析。结果 1963-2017年许昌市累计报告乙脑11 624例,死亡1 405例,年均报告发病率为5. 85/10万,死亡率为0. 71/10万;乙脑报告发病率总体呈下降趋势。发病以15岁以下儿童为主,占总病例数的79. 39%;有明显的季节性,7~9月为发病高峰,占总病例的94. 90%。结论近年来,许昌市乙脑疫情得到了有效控制,但由于乙脑在自然界的循环依然广泛存在,仍应加强以预防接种为主,防蚊、灭蚊、宿主管理和健康教育为辅的综合防控措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and dynamic change trend of Japanese B encephalitis （JE） in Xuchang from 1963 to 2017, and to provide evidence for exploring the effective prevention and control measures of JE. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of JE cases from 1963 to 2017. Results There were altogether 11624 cases of JE reported from 1963 to 2017, and 1405 died. The annual average morbidity rate and the mortality rate were 5.85/100,000 and 0. 71/100 , 000 in these periods. The incidence of JE was generally declining. JE appeared mainly in the children below 15 years old （79.39%）. JE had obvious seasonal character, and the peak of incidence was from the July to September. Conclusion JE have been effectively controlled in Xuchang. Because the cycle of JE is still widespread in nature, the comprehensive prevention and control measures should be strengthened, including vaccination, mosquito control, host management and health education.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 流行特征 免疫规划 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]