五大连池火山喷发沉积物古菌多样性及系统发育分析  

Diversity and phylogenetic analysis of the archaea in volcanic sediments of the Wudalianchi region, China

作　　者：潘虹[1] 王希英[1] 方振兴[1] 吴婧[1] PAN Hong;WANG Xiying;FANG Zhenxing;WU Jing(Institute of Volcano and Spring,Heilongjiang Academy of Science,Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院火山与矿泉研究所

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2018年第5期1000-1008,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：黑龙江省财政基本科研业务费专项(HS201309);黑龙江省寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室开放基金(201712)资助~~

摘　　要：为揭示古菌在五大连池火山区的生态格局，运用111umina Miseq高通量测序技术与系统发育分析法，解析五大连池火山喷发沉积物中古菌的群落组成和分布规律．研究发现，五大连池火山区沉积泥中的古菌类群主要包含奇古菌门（Thaumarchaeota）、广古菌门（Euryarchaeota）和泉古菌门（Crenarchaeota），其中奇古菌门丰度最高，主要包括SAGMCG-1与Thaumarchaeota IncertaeSedis两大类群；广古菌门主要包括甲烷微菌纲（Methanomicrobia）、甲烷杆菌纲（Methanobacteria）、盐杆菌纲（Halobacteria）、热原体纲（Thermoplasmata）和甲烷球菌纲（Methanococci），其中甲烷微菌纲是优势种群，下分7目13科23属，多样性丰富；泉古菌门主要为热变形菌纲（Thermoprotei）与Soil Crenarchaeotic Group（SCG）．从古菌进化角度，泉古菌门与奇古菌门进化关系较近，二者与广古菌门距离较远．从沉积环境角度，火烧山与药泉山、焦得布山与龙门山沉积泥带古菌种群结构具有一定的相似性，其余泥带间均存在不同程度的差异性．因此，五大连池火山沉积环境中含有丰富的古菌资源，存在大量潜在新种，古菌多样性异于报道较多的陆地及海底沉积环境；结果可为今后挖掘功能性种质资源及探讨古菌群落在火山环境中的生态规律奠定科学基础．This study was done to improve our understanding of the ecology of archaea in the Wudalianchi volcanic region of China. High-throughput sequencing with the Illumina MiSeq system and phylogenetic analysis were used to analyze the community composition and distribution of the archaea occurring in the volcanic sediments of the Wudalianchi region. Three categories of archaea, including Thaumarchaeota, Euryarchaeota, and Crenarchaeota, were found and further analyzed. Among these, the abundance of Thaumarchaeota was the highest, and mainly included SAGMCG-1 and Thaumarchaeota Incertae Sedis. Within the Euryarchaeota, the Methanomicrobia, Methanobacteria, Halobacteria, Thermoplasmata, and Methanococci were abundant. Methanomicrobia was the predominant class of Euryarchaeota, and the members of this group found were divided into 7 orders, 13 families, and 23 genera, all of which were rich in biodiversity. Thermoprotei and SCG were the main classes found that belonged to Crenarchaeota. Additionally, in the evolutionary tree produced Crenarchaeota was phylogenetically closer to Thaumarchaeota, which was in turn far away from Euryarchaeota. There was some similarity between the archaea communities of Huoshao volcano and Yaoquan volcano, and also between those of Jiaodebu volcano and Longmen volcano, whereas all the other communities examined differed in their archaea community composition to different degrees among different sedimentary environments. These results indicated that microbial resources are abundant in the volcanic sedimentary environments of the Wudalianchi region, and there should be a plenty of new, unknown taxa there. This makes the archaea of Wudalianchi significantly different from those reported in other terrestrial and marine sedimentary environments. This study＇s results will provide the scientific foundation for the future mining of functional microbial resources and exploration of the ecological regularity of the archaea communities in volcanic environments.

关 键 词：火山 沉积物 古菌 群落组成 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]